ICOSANDRIA. POLYGYNIA, Rosa. 
611 
and invariable. The leaves, (from which a true specific difference ought 
to be deduced,) in many instances too nearly resemble each other; whilst 
the hips, or fruit, which have by some been deemed of primary con¬ 
sequence, unfortunately preserve no absolute character either as to form, 
colour, smoothness, or roughness; and even were that not the case, could 
indicate their respective species only during a short period of the year. 
Sir J. E. Smith and Mr. Woods attach considerable importance to the 
presence or absence of setae, (glandular bristles,) on the stems or branches 
of Roses ; and, in a secondary degree, to the form of the aculei , (prickles,) 
whether straight and slender, suddenly originating from a broad de¬ 
pressed base ; or hooked, dilated gradually downward, and more or less 
compressed. Much stress has likewise been laid on the circumstance of 
pubescence, its absence, presence, and quantity; yet a careful observer 
may perceive, in this respect, every gradation. Linnseus himself even 
doubted whether any certain limits between the species and varieties of 
this genus had been prescribed by nature. However valuable may be the 
observations of Smith, Lindley, Woods, Hooker, Winch, and Swartz, 
cultivation alone seems likely to determine these obscure points, and to 
remove this opprobrium from the science. E.) 
(1) Fruit globular. 
R. ARVEn'sis. (Fruit globose or elliptical, smooth: flower-stalks 
glandular: calyx pinnate, deciduous: prickles hooked, scattered: 
leafits simply serrated: floral receptacle slightly convex: styles 
combined, smooth. Sm. E.) 
(Hook. FI. Lond. 123. E.) — E. Bot. 18S — Wale. — J. B. ii. 44. 3. 
(Fruit scarlet, round or oblong. Floivers more cup-shaped than any other 
British Rose, white with a yellow base, sometimes pink. The styles, 
united in a long smooth column, distinguish this from all British species 
except R. systyla, from which it differs in having long trailing shoots, 
not stout assurgent ones, which are of a dull glaucous green, generally 
tinged with purple, and not of the bright green colour of R. systyla. Hook. 
E.) Nearly allied to, if not the same as, the garden Ayrshire Rose. 
White Trailing Dog Rose. (Welsh: Ciros gwyn. E.) Hedges and 
heaths. This is the most common Rose in the west of Yorkshire, and 
about Manchester. Have not seen it within fifty miles of Darlington. 
Mr. Robson. (King’s Park. Mr. Neill. Grev. Edin. In Anglesey. 
Welsh Bot. Prevalent in Devonshire. E.) S. July. 
Var. 2. Huds. Wild Bog Rose , with only one flower. Ray Syn. Indie. 
Between Hackney and London, and Bishop’s Wood, ib. (In woods and 
hedges at Friar’s Goose, near Gateshead ; and between Sadberg and 
Norton, Durham. Mr. W. Backhouse, jun. In woods at St. Anthony’s, 
and Els wick, near Newcastle, Northumberland. Mr. Winch. E.) 
R. spinosis'sima. (Flower-stalks without bracteas, mostly smooth, as 
well as the simple calyx: fruit globose, abrupt, somewhat de¬ 
pressed : prickles of the stem straight, unequal, numerous, inter¬ 
mixed with glandular bristles: leafits roundish, smooth, with 
simple serratures. Sm. E.) 
E. Bot. 187 — FI. Dan. 398— Ger. 1088 —J. B. ii. 41. I—Park. 1018, 8— 
Clus. i. ll(j. 1— Dod. 187 —Ger. Em. 1270. 3— J. B. ii. 40. 2. 
(A dwarf, compact, dark, (sometimes reddish,) green bush, with creeping 
roots. Branches short, stiff, much divided, beset by very dense, une¬ 
qual prickles or setae , some of the former being usually falcate. Leaves 
