714 DIDYNAMIA. GYMNOSPERMIA. Stachys 
Ox. xi. 5. row 1. l.j f. 1— Pet . 32. 6 — Fuchs. 351— Trag. 198— -J. B. 301—■ 
Matth. 944—Ger. 577. 2. 
Stems leafy, one to two feet high, square, hairy. Root-leaves oblong-heart* 
shaped, scolloped, hairy, on long leaf-stalks. Stem-leaves distant, spear- 
shaped, serrated. Woodw. Stem-leaves more strap than spear-shaped. 
Hairs on the stem laid flat and pointing downwards. Blossom purple, 
(or dull rose-colour, rarely white, downy. The leaves are often disco¬ 
loured by dots occasioned by a minute Lycoperdon. E.) 
Wood Betony. (Welsh: Crihau St. Fraid; Dannogen. E.) Woods 
and shady groves. Plentiful about Manchester, both in shady and ex¬ 
posed places. Mr. Caley. Meadows in St. Faith's, near Norwich. Mr. 
Crowe. Rip ton, Huntingdonshire; pastures, Herts. Mr. Woodward. 
(Hollington, near Hastings. Dr. Bostock. Collington and Auchindenny 
woods. Maughan. Hook. Scot. E.) P. July—Aug.* 
STA'CHYS.f Bloss. upper lip vaulted; lower lip reflexed at 
the sides; middle segment notched: Stamens after 
shedding the pollen bent to the sides. 
S. sylvat'ica. Six flowers iu a whorl: leaves heart-shaped, stalked. 
Curt. 183— (E. Bot. 416— FI. Dan. 1102. E.)— Riv. Mon. 26. 2— Stachys 
sylvatica. — Blackw. 84. 2— Clus. ii. 36. 1— Ger. Em. 704. 5— Park. 908. 
1— H. Ox. xi. 11. 10— Pet. 32. 7 — Trag. 5 — Lonic. i. 109. 3— Blackw •. 
84. 1. 
(Herb hairy all over. Stems undivided, two feet high, solid. Spike inter¬ 
rupted, leafy at the base, bearing floral-leaves towards the top. FI. Brit. 
E.) Floral-leaves spear-shaped, acuminate. Blossoms deep purple with 
white spots. Tube of the blossom much longer than the calyx. 
(Var. 2. S. ambigua. E. Bot. 2089 seems chiefly distinguished by a hollow 
stem, according to Smith, leaves less decidedly heart-shaped, and paler 
herbage. 
Woods at Inverary. Maughan. Orkneys, and in Ross-shire. Hooker. 
Habbies How, Pentland Hills. Mr. Weatherhead. By the London 
road, about a furlong north of Quorndou, also at Sheepshead, Leicester¬ 
shire. Rev. W. Parkinson. Sm. Eng. FI. By the Skern, near Burdon 
riiill, Durham. Mr. Winch. E.) 
Var. 3. Smaller leaves angular. 
Hedge Woundwort. (Welsh: Briwlys y goedwig. E.) Hedges and 
woods. P. July—Aug.t 
* (This plant was formerly much used in medicine, and considered an universal 
remedy, but it is discarded from modern practice ; perhaps merely from the disappointment 
of unreasonable - expectation. Antonius Musa, physician to the Emperor Augustus, 
introduced it into such general repute in Italy, that “ Vende la tonica, et compra ia 
Betonica,” sell your coat and buy Betony , became a prevalent proverb. Fernelius and 
Pliny likewise extol its virtues; and in Spain, of the superlatively excellent it is said, “ She 
has as many virtues as Betony .” E.) It is not destitute of virtues, for when fresh it 
intoxicates, and the dried leaves excite sneezing. It is often smoked as tobacco. The root 
promotes vomiting, (and is violently purgative. E.) Sheep eat it. Goats refuse it. (It 
has been suspected that the sternutatory effect is merely mechanical, occasioned by the 
hairs of the leaves. It enters into the composition of Rowley’s British herb tobacco and 
snuff. E.) 
+ (From aruyv;, a spike, or ear of com; the flowers affecting that form. E.) 
t It will dye yellow. The whole plant has a fetid scent, and toads are thought to be 
