728 DIDYNAMIA. ANGIOSPERMI A. Melampyrum. 
gin. Welsh: Cribell melyn; Arian givion. E.) Meadows, pastures, 
and woods. A. June—July. 
EUPHRA'SI A.* Cal. four-cleft: Anthers spinous: Caps. 
two-celled, egg-oblong : Seeds few, reclining, striated. 
E. opficina'lis. Leaves egg-shaped, furrowed, sharply toothed. 
Curt 335—Ft Ban . 1037—(E. Bot. 1416. E.) — Woodv. 220 —Sheldr. 48— 
Kniph. 8 — Wale. — Ludw. 135 — Riv. Mon. 90. 1, Euphrasia.—H. Ox. xi. 
24. 1. b.—Matth. 1022— Ger. 537. 1— Bod. 54. 3—Lob. Obs. 261. A, and 
Jc. i. 491. 1 — Ger. Em. 663— Park. 1329. 1 — II. Ox. xi. 24. a. — Fuchs. 
247 — Trag. 238— J. B. iii. 432. 3 —Blackw. 4-27. 
Stems reddish, one to six inches high, pubescent. Branches in opposite 
pairs. Leaves sessile, mostly opposite, hairy. Calyx with five flat sides 
and five angles, but segments rarely five, unequal, spear-shaped, dark 
purple at the ends, with a few dark purple globular glands on the 
outside. Anthers brown, with a few white hairs on the lower part where 
they open. Summit fringed with minute glands round the edge. Seed- 
vessel slightly notched, pubescent towards the top, and marked with 
black dots. Seeds egg-shaped. Blossoms gaping, bluish white, with 
purple streaks, (axillary, numerous, and elegant; subject to considerable 
variation in size and colour. E.) 
Eye-bright. (Irish: Linn Raihairk: Luss na bainne. Welsh: Goleu - 
drem; Effros. Gaelic: Rein-an~ruisg. E.) Heaths; dry barren mea¬ 
dows, mountainous pastures, and downs. A. June—Sept.f 
MELAMPY'RUM.J Cal. four-cleft: Bloss. upper lip com¬ 
pressed, edges reflexed: Caps . two-celled, compressed, 
opening on one side: Seeds two, gibbous, smooth. 
M. crista'tum. Spikes quadrangular: floral-leaves heart-shaped, 
finely toothed, closely imbricated. 
E. Bot. 41 — (FI. Ban. 1104. E.)— Kniph. 11 — Riv. Mon. 81. 1, M. crista•* 
turn — Pluk. 99. 2 —J. B. iii. 440. 2 — H. Ox. xi. 23. 2. 
Whole plant nearly smooth, much branched. Stems one and a half to two 
feet high, sometimes roughish. Branches opposite, numerous, diverging, 
so that where numbers grow together they are so entangled that it is 
almost impossible to extricate them. Leaves nearly two inches in length. 
* (From £v<ppou»(v, to give joy, as by its reputed power of restoring impaired vision. E.) 
+ It is a weak astringent, and was formerly in repute as a specific opthalmic. It 
flourishes most when surrounded by plants taller than itself. Cows, horses, goats, and 
sheep eat it. Swine refuse it. (It is supposed to be an ingredient in Rowley’s British herb 
tobacco and snuff. Though the medicinal properties of Eyebright have long fallen into 
discredit, frequent mention is made of them in the older writers: and Milton, probably 
with no small personal feeling in his days of darkness, thus alludes to them : 
—--—- u But to nobler sights 
Michael from Adam’s eyes the film remov’d, 
Which that false fruit that promis’d clearer sight 
Had bred ; then purg’d with Euphrasy and rue 
The visual nerve, for he had much to see.” E.) 
$ (From psXas, black; and 7 rvpo$ f wheat; communicating a grey colour when mixed 
with wheat flour, E<) 
