DIDYNAMIA. ANGIOSPERMIA. Melampyrvm. 729 
opposite, sessile, strap-shaped but taper-pointed, those below the 
branches reflexed, on the branches horizontal. Spikes terminating the 
stem and branches. Floral-leaves purplish, large, the middle tooth 
lengthened out into a long awl-shaped point bent downward, very long 
at the bottom of the spike, shorter upwards, but all more or less so; 
sides doubled together, closely pressed together at the edges, forming a 
square head with hollow sides, having the horns at the angles. Woodw. 
(.Blossom purplish, bordered with cream-colour. Caps, crescent-shaped, 
with two large seeds in each cell. Sm. E.) 
Crested Cow-wheat. Woods of Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire 
plentifully; and among corn at Waltingfield, near Wakefield. Ripton 
wood, Huntingdonshire, (and near Ixworth, Suffolk. E.) Mr. Wood¬ 
ward. (In Maple-bush lane, Gressenhall, Norfolk. Mr. Crowe. FI. 
Brit. E.) A. June—July. 
M. arven'se. Spikes conical, loose: floral-leaves with bristle-shaped 
teeth, coloured. 
(Hook. FI. Lond. 63. E.)—FI. Han. 911— E. Bot. 53— Riv. Mon. 80, M. ar - 
vense — Kniph. 1— Clus. ii. 45. l—Ger. Em. 90. 3— J. B. iii. 439. 2 IT. 
Ox. xi. 23, row 1. 1— Hod. 541. 2— Lob. Obs. 23. 1, and Ic. i. 37, Trit . 
vacc. — Ger.Em. 90. 1— Park. 1327. 4— Trag. 663. 
Stem upright, (about two feet high, purplish, quadrangular, E.) slightly 
hairy, branched. Leaves opposite, spear-shaped, lengthened out into a 
very long point, nearly sessile, slightly downy. Flowers in an oval head, 
(gradually lengthening out. E.) Floral-leaves long, spear-shaped, wing- 
cleft, with teeth at the base, entire upwards. Woodw. Blossom large, 
yellow and dusky purple. (Segments of the calyx peculiarly long, linear 
coloured: seeds two in each cell, though often by abortion solitary. 
Sm. E.) 
Purple Cow-wheat. Corn-fields. Near Lycham, Norfolk. Sherard. 
Horsley Bath, near Beeston Castle, Cheshire. Costesy, near Norwich. 
Mr. Crowe Bixley, near Norwich. Mr. Woodward. (In the common 
field at Sporle, Norfolk, especially among wheat. Rev. J. S. Watts, in 
Bot. Guide. E.) A. July.* 
M. praten'se. Flowers axillary, unilateral: leaves in distant pairs: 
blossom closed: (lower-lip protruded. E.) 
E. Bot. 113— Kniph. 11 —Wale. M. sylvaticum — Ger. 84. 1 and 2— Clus. ii. 
44. 2—Lob. Obs. 22. 2, Ic. i. 36. 2— Ger. Em. 91. 1 —Park. 1326. 1—7/. 
Ox. xi. 23. 3. 
Leaves spear-shaped, greatly tapering towards the point, all serrated, but 
the serratures extremely fine, and the edges of the leaves rather turned 
back ; they are not very readily seen. Stem feeble, (12 to 18 inches high, 
sometimes nearly decumbent, E.) cylindrical towards the bottom, qua¬ 
drangular upwards. Calyx purplish without ; segments with minute stiff 
bristles along the edge ; the two upper longer. Blossom of a full yellow, 
very much compressed; the notch in the upper lip barely perceptible; 
lower lip with two orange-coloured rising plaits; tube straw-coloured. 
Filaments four, supporting what appears a single anther, which is egg- 
shaped, compressed, hairy at the edges, and opening at the front edge. 
* (By some considered sufficiently beautiful to merit cultivation in our gardens. E.) 
The seeds, when ground with corn, give a bitterness and greyish cast to the bread, but do 
not make it unwholesome. (They somewhat resemble fine grains of wheat j whence the. 
English name. E.) Cows and goats eat it. Sheep refuse it* 
