904 SYNGENESIA. JEQUALIS. Laps ana. 
J0icks. H. S. — Curt. — (E. Bot. 844. E .)—Kniplu 5—FI Dan. 600—Lob. 
Obs. 104. 1, and Ic. i. 207. l—Ger. Em. 266—Park. 810. 1— J. B. ii. 
1028— Dod. 676. 2—H. Ox. vii. 1. 9— Pet. 14. 12— Ger. 231. 8. 
Stem two to four feet high,, stiff, hollow, cylindrical, scored, hairy. Leaves 
v alternate: the lower egg-shaped, on leaf-stalks; the upper ' spear-shaped, 
higher up strap-shaped, the uppermost awl-shaped. leafstalks bor- 
1 dered, the border wing-cleft, one or two pair of wings, slightly hairy. 
Flowering branches long, naked, or with one or two awl-shaped scales, 
much branched at the top, each branch with one flower. Woodw. Stem 
nearly cylindrical, scored, hairy; the hairs terminated by minute glo¬ 
bules. Branches smooth. Leaves toothed; rough with hair, the lower 
egg-shaped, on long leaf-stalks, the upper spear-shaped, sessile. Leaf¬ 
stalks flat, with two or three pair of small unequal wings. Calyx some¬ 
what cylindrical; the outer , scales spear-shaped, closely embracing the 
base of the inner. Blossom yellow ; florets fifteen to eighteeja. Styles 
purplish. Summit dark purplish green. 
Common Nipple-wort. Dock Cress. (Irish : Duilleog brideog. Welsh: 
Cartheig cyffredin. E.) Hedges, shady places, and on rubbish. 
A. June—July.* 
(L. pusil'la. Stalks radical, subdivided, naked, thickening upwards: 
leaves obovate, rough-edged, toothed. E.) 
{Hook. FI. Loud. 66. E.) — E. Bot. 96 — FI. Dan. 201— Clus. ii. 142. 2 —< 
Ger. Em. 288. 8—Park. 791. 9— Pet. 16. 9—Gies. 33 —Ger. 227. 8 —H. 
Ox. vii. 1. 8. 
Boot small, woody, with a few stiff fibres. Leaves spreading in a circle, 
bluntly oval, tapering into a leaf-stalk, toothed on the sides, entire at the 
base and end, viewed with a glass slightly hairy, particularly at the 
edges. Stalk six to nine inches high, cylindrical, smooth, reddish and 
stiff at the bottom, green and hollow upwards, sometimes simple, oftener 
with one, sometimes two branches. Branches reddish and wire-like at 
the base, hollow and thickening upwards, sometimes again divided. 
Flowers pendant before opening, afterwards upright. Calyx outer scales 
small, dry, and shrivelling ; the inner very pointed. Blossom yellow. 
Seeds oval, scored, crowned with the proper calyx. Woodw. In some 
situations much larger, the branches dividing and sub-dividing. Br. 
(Dwarf Nipple-wort. E.) Swine’s Succory. {L.pusilla. Willd. Ait. 
Hook. Hyoseris minima. Linn, originating in an error, as explained by 
Smith. L. minima. Lightf. Hook. Scot. E.) Meadows and corn-fields 
in gravelly soil. Corn-fields, at Walthamstow, Essex. Sir W. Watson. 
Teddington Field, near Hampton. Doody. Pensham Field, near Per- 
shore, in the most barren and gravelly places. Nash. Corn-fields, near 
Norwich. Woodward. Sandy corn-fields about Forfar; road from 
Dundee to St. Andrews. Mr. Brown. (In Damary and Langton corn¬ 
fields, and about Spetisbury, Dorset. Pulteney. E.) A. May—Aug. 
* As a curative for sore breasts, (whence the old English name is derived), it is now 
entirely in disuse. At Constantinople it is eaten raw, just before flowering. (In some 
parts of England the young leaves are boiled and used as greens, but have a disagreeable 
flavour. “ Lapsanu vivere” is proverbial, signifying to live hard; in allusion to Caesar’s 
army, which is reported to have sustained life for some time at Dyrrhachium by using the 
roots of this herb; but our plant being annual, and its roots little more than fibrous, we 
apprehend the passage of Pliny, xix. 9, must refer to some other vegetable, E*) 
