910 SYNGENESIA. /EQUALIS. Cardbus. 
Slender-flowered Thistle. (Welsh: Ysgallen man-Jlodeuog. C.tenui- 
Jlorus. Curt. C. acanthoides. Huds. Lightf. With. Ed. 2. E.) Hedges, 
ditch-banks, and under walls; very common near London. (Between 
Edinburgh and Leith. Sir J. E. Smith. Near Redcar, Yorkshire, com¬ 
mon. Rev. J. Dalton. Frequent on the coast of Suffolk and Sussex. 
About Dorchester, and Bensington, Oxfordshire. Sibthorp. Common 
about Newcastle, Northumberland. Mr. Winch. Near Beaumaris. 
Welsh Bot. Teignmouth, and Berry Head. Rev. Pike Jones. On 
Sydenham Common, Mr. Graves has often observed this species with a 
white flower. A. E.) July—Ahg. 
C. lanceola'tus. (Leaves wing-cleft, hispid: segments spinous, wide, 
apart: calyx egg-shaped, spinous, woolly : stem hairy, furrowed: 
down feathery. E.) 
E. Bot 107— FI Dan. 1173 —Tahern. 1078. 2— Ger. 1011. 6—Ger. Em. 
1174. 6— Park. 982. 9— II. Ox. vii. 31, row 1. 7— Pet. 21. 7 —J. B. iii. 
58. 1. 
Stem angular, cottony, frequently purple. Leaves half embracing the stem, 
cottony and glaucous underneath, hairy and deep green above; wings 
spear-shaped, the terminal one long, the side ones mostly divided to the 
base into two segments, one pointing upwards, the other downwards, 
terminating, as do also the wings of the part running down the stem, in 
sharp stiff white thorns, which are extensions of the ribs. Calyx with 
numerous ranges of spear-shaped scales, somewhat cottony, ending in 
sharp stiff white thorns, the inner strap-shaped, pointed, not thorny. 
Blossom purple. Down feathered, almost as long as the blossom. 
Woodw. (From two to five feet high, or more. Flowers large, solitary. 
E.) 
Sfear Thistle. (Welsh: March Ysgallen. Gaelic: An deilgneach. C. 
lanceolatus. Linn. Cnicus lanceolatus. Willd. Hook. Sm. Grev. E.) 
Rubbish, road-sides, and other waste places. B. July—Aug.* 
C. nu'tans. Leaves decurrent half way down towards the next below : 
spinous: fruit-stalks crooked : calyx, scales expanding upwards: 
(flowers solitary: down capillary. E.) 
FI Ban. 615—(E. Bot. 1112. E.)— H. Ox. vii. 31, row 1. 6— Pet. 21. 1— 
J. B. iii. 56. 3. 
Stems two to three feet high, scored, cottony. Branches alternate. Fruit- 
stalks terminal, cottony. Leaves with wing-cleft; wings egg-shaped, 
with strong thorns. Calyx scales spear-shaped, cottony, the rib running 
along the back terminating in a thorn, the lowermost bent back, the inner 
without thorns. Down hair-like, nearly as long as the florets. Woodw. 
(.Flowers smelling strongly of musk in warm weather; their drooping pos- 
* Few plants are more disregarded than this, and yet its use is very considerable. If 
a heap of clay be thrown up, nothing would grow upon it for several years, did not 
the seeds of this plant, wafted by wind, fix and vegetate thereon. Under the shelter of 
this, other vegetables appear, and the whole soon becomes fertile. The flowers, like 
those of the Artichoke, have the property of curdling milk. Sheep and swine refuse it; 
neither horses, cows, nor goats are fond of it. Papilio Cardui and the Thistle Ermine 
Moth feed upon it. Linn. (This cumbrous weed, being biennial, is readily destroyed 
by mowing before its flowers form seed. Sm. E.) 
