SYNGENESIA. iEQUALIS. Cahduus. 
911 
ture distinguishes them from our other thistles. E. Bot. E.) Stem, 
leaves, and calyxes overspread with a cobweb kind of woolliness. Calyx 
globular, flatted; scales very strong, horizontal when the flower is ex¬ 
panded, purplish towards the end, terminating in a strong yellow thorn. 
Blossom tube whitish, border purple. Filaments woolly. Pollen grey, 
globular, set with fine points. 
Musk Thistle. Pastures, (waste ground, and fallow-fields. E.) In a 
calcareous soil. Road-sides in a sandy or gravelly soil. 
A. June—July.* 
(C. tuber. c/sus. Leaves with slightly winged stalks, wing-cleft, lobed, 
fringed with prickles: stem unarmed, with about two stalked 
flowers: calyx-scales spear-shaped, pointed, rather spreading: 
down feathery. E.) 
E. Bot 2562. 
Boot sending down oblong perpendicular knobs. Stem two feet high, 
leafy, furrowed, hairy, simple, except at the top. Leaves variously cut, 
fringed with copious yellow prickles. Flowers on long, hairy stalks, at 
first rather drooping, bright purple, with a slightly downy calyx, E. Bot. 
Flowers resembling those of C. heterophyllus, but smaller. Linn. 
Tuberous Thistle. C. tulerosus. Linn. Cnicus tuherosus. Willd. Sm. 
Discovered by A. B. Lambert, Esq., in a wood called Great Ridge, be¬ 
tween Boyton House and Fonthill, Wilts, growing plentifully in one spot 
only. P. Aug. E.) 
(2) Leaves sessile, 
(C. arven'sis. Leaves wing-cleft; spinous: stem panicled : calyx egg- 
shaped, with small spines: down feathery. E.) 
Kniph. 6— E. Bot. 975- — FI. Dan. 644— Col. Ecphr. i. 46— Ger. Em. 1173. 
4— Park. 959. 7— H. Ox. vii. 32. 14— Pet. 21. 5— J. B. iii. a. 59. 2. 
The down of the seed is very long, (feathery, deciduous, not permanent as 
in Serratula. E. Bot. E.) Blossom pale purple, (rarely white. Root 
creeping, tuberous, and descending deep into the earth, very tenacious 
of life, and difficult to extirpate. Stems upright, three feet high, leafy, 
cylindrical, smooth, bearing many flowers. Leaves sessile, scarcely de- 
current, alternate. FJ. Brit. We follow' the arragement of Curtis, since 
adopted by Smith, in removing this plant from the genus Serratula; 
which indeed seems to have been the intention of Linnaeus. 
Creeping Thistle. Way Thistle. (Welsh: Ysgallen gyffredin yr ar. 
Gaelic : Foghenan Cluaran. E.) C. arvensis. Curt. Sibth. Relh. FI. Brit. 
Serratula arvensis. Linn. Huds. With. Ed. 4. Relh. Ed. 1. Hull. Sym. 
Syn. Abbot. Mart. Carduus vulgatissimus viarum. Rail. Ger. Em. (Too 
common by road-sides and in fields. E.) P. July. E.)t 
* (The down of this, as of some other species, may be advantageously used as a material 
in making paper. Flocks of goldfinches, (Fringilla CardueHs), the united produce of the 
summer months, throughout October may be observed sporting and glistening in the 
sunny beam, aiding the breeze of autumn in scattering the down, (the proverbially 
“ Light as Thistle down”) as they busily pick out the seeds for their favourite repast. E.) 
t It is said to yield a very pure vegetable alkaly when burnt, (suitable either for 
bleaching linen or the manufacture of glass. E.) Goats eat it; neither cows, horses, 
sheep, nor swine are fond of it. Linn. Horses sometimes eat the young tops, St, (The 
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