958 SYNGEHESIA. SUPERFLU A. Senecio. 
Curt. 294—, Pet. 17. 3 —Wale. 
Stem angular, furrowed. Leaves sessile., hairy* particularly underneath; 
the lower rough to the touch; the upper less hairy; segments strap- 
yellow and toothed at the ends. Calyx * scales not dead at the ends* but 
shaped* and woolly* the outer strap-shaped* fleshy* the inner the same* 
but edged with a broad membranous border. The leaves in this variety 
do not stand upright as in the preceding* nor do they so effectually hide 
the stem; the segments are much broader* and the hairiness is not such 
as to give a hoary appearance to the plant. Upon the whole* its habit is 
so different* that had there not been a general coincidence in opinion* 
that cultivation alone is sufficient to occasion the differences pointed out* 
I should have considered them distinct. 
Hoary Groundsel. (Welsh: Greulys lledlwyd culddail. S. tenuifolius. 
Jacq. E.) S. erucifolius. Huds. Curt., but not of Linnaeus as I under¬ 
stand from Dr. Afzelius; though he observes that all the synonyms* except 
It. Scan, attributed to that* really belong to our plant. Woods and hedges. 
Bath Hills* near Bungay. Mr. Woodward. Baydales* Darlington. Mr. 
Robson. Both varieties found near Blymhill* Shropshire* by the Rev. 
S. Dickenson. (Road-side between Talwrn and Ceint* Anglesey. Welsh 
Bot. E.) P. Aug. 
S. Jacobs 'a. Leaves lyre-shaped* almost winged: segments finely 
jagged: stem upright. 
Kniph. 6—FI. Dan. 944—( E. Bot. 1130. E.)— Matth. 1133— Ctus. ii. 22. 1 
—Bod. 642— Lob. Ohs. 113. 2* and Ic. i. 227. 1— Ger. Em. 280. 1— Park. 
668. I —Pet. 17. 1 —Fuchs. 742— J. B. ii. 1057. l—Trag. 287 —Lonic. i. 
96.3—//. Ox. y ii. 18. I—Ger. 218. 1. 
{Stem very tough* two to three feet high* branched, smooth* or somewhat 
cottony. Leaves numerous, deep green and shining or slightly cottony ; 
lower ones with broad segments; upper ones with mostly linear divisions. 
Floivers forming a wide corymb, large, bright* deep yellow. Involucre 
(calyx) smooth* short* cylindrical., Grev. Pericarps of the circumference 
hairy* those of the disk smooth. Hook. Herb strong smelling when 
bruised. E.) 
Common Ragwort. Seggram. Canker-weed. Staggerwort. St. 
James's-wort. Swine's Cress. (Scotch: Elshinder. Irish: Pfullan 
huih halkisan. Welsh:•• Camddd-felen wrryw. Gaelic: Bualan. E.) 
Meadows* pastures* and road sides. P. July.* 
Var. 2. Flowers without rays. 
In great plenty in gravel on the sea shore* three or four miles from Drog¬ 
heda* scarcely one in a thousand being radiated. Sherard in R. Syn. 
Var. 3. Flowers without rays; whole plant hoary with dense cottony 
substance. 
Marazion Marsh* Cornwall. 
* (This plant has been recommended in a bruised state as an application to cancers. 
Internally, by Simon Pauli* against dysenteries. E.) If it be gathered before the dowers 
open, and used fresh, it dyes wool of a full green, but the colour is apt to fade. If woollen 
cloth be boiled in alum water, and afterwards in a decoction of the flowers, it takes a 
beautiful deep yellow. Horses and sheep refuse it. Cows are not fond of it. Linn. 
(Often entirely devoured by the black and yellow-ringed caterpillars of Phalcena Jaeob&u. 
Sm. Andrena fuloicrus, and Nomada faropicta are likewise found upon it 5 and Ceralina 
ca&iilea in the flowers, E.) Horses and Cows eat it when young, 
