950 SYNGENESIA. SUPERFLUA. Pyrethrum. 
the upper sometimes embracing the stem, oblong-wedge-shaped or spear- 
shaped, serrated, sometimes toothed, and even wing-cleft at the base. 
Flower one, terminal. Calyx, scales spear-shaped, unequal. Florets of 
the circumference sometimes entire. Woodw. Calyx , outer scales green, 
edged with brown, the inner with a membranous border. 
Great White Ox-eye. Moon Daisy. (Maudlin-wort. Irish: 
Aisbeoc bdn. Welsh: Aspygan ; Fly gad y dydd mawr. Gaelic: Am 
bremein-brothach. E.) Dry meadows, pastures, and walls. 
P. June—July.* 
(2) Flowers entirely yellow. 
C. se'getum. Leaves embracing the stem, jagged upwards, tooth-ser¬ 
rated towards the base, (glaucous. E.) 
Dicks. IT S* — (E. Bot. 540. E.)— FI. Dan. 995— Clus. i. 334. 2—Dod. 263. 
1— Lob. Obs. 298.2, and Ic. i. 552. 1— Ger. Em. 743. 1— Park. 1370. 1— 
H. Ox. vi. 4, row 2. 1— Pet. 19. 6— Trag. 144. 2— Lonic. i. 89. 1. 
Stem upright, scored, smooth, branched, (one to two feet high. E.) Leaves 
sea-green, varying in figure, wedge-strap or spear-shaped, distantly 
serrated towards the base, usually deeply toothed or jagged, with fre¬ 
quently three clefts at the end, (terminated by a little projecting point. 
Flowers very large, yellow, E.) terminal. Calyx, scales oval, blunt, 
sea-green, with membranous edges. Florets of the circumference oval, 
about half an inch long. Seeds slightly serrated, whitish. Woodw. 
Whole plant smooth. Summits in the fertile flowers frequently three. 
Corn Marigold. Goldins. Yellow Ox-eye. Buddie in Norfolk. 
Mr. Woodward. (In Scotland, Yellow Go wans. Quills, Gools. 
In Kent, Yellow Bottle. North of England, Gowlans, Gules. 
Welsh: Gold yr yd. Gaelic: An dithean. E.) Cornfields. 
A. June—Oct.t 
(PYRE'THRUM.J Recept. naked: Seed crowned with a 
border : Cal. hemispherical, tiled; scales somewhat 
acute, membranous at the edges. E.) 
* The young leaves may be eaten in salads. Horses, sheep, and goats eat it. Cows 
and swine refuse it. ( Livia Leucanthemi frequents this species. Geoffroy reports that 
this plant, gathered before it blossoms, and boiled in water, imparts an acrid taste, pene¬ 
trating and subtile like pepper ; and that this decoction is an excellent vulnerary and 
diuretic. By agriculturists it is considered a troublesome weed, only to be extirpated 
from dry pastures by converting the land into tillage for several years. Sinclair. E.) 
d' An extremely troublesome weed in the Norfolk turnip-fields in a sandy soil. It was 
imported into Sweden along with corn from Jutland, about the end of the sixteenth cen¬ 
tury. In Denmark there is a law to oblige farmers to root it up from their corn-fields; 
(and Threlkeld states, (1727,) that in Britain, “ Mapnour-courts do amerce careless 
tenants, who do not weed it out before it comes to seeda laudable practice, worthy of 
being maintained, (as the laws of the Medes and Persians,) in perpetuo , and equally appli¬ 
cable to other palpable negligences, according to the quod damnum. E.) It may be destroyed 
by manuring the ground in autumn, followed by a summer fallow, and harrowing the land 
about five days after sowing the grain. Its yellow flowers, however, which follow the sun 
n a very remarkable manner, give a brilliancy to the fields in tillage, and please the eye 
of the passing traveller. Linn. A large quantity, which grew on some arable land, was 
cut when in flower, dried, and eaten by horses as a substitute for hay. Hollefear. It is 
used by the Germans for dying yellow. (It is most effectually eradicated by hand. E.) 
t- (An ancient Greek name, originally designating an herb still more pungently hot o,r 
fiery, according to a literal interpretation, than the present species. E.) 
