CRYPTOGAM I A. ALGiE. Lichen. 
5 
(E. Bot. 2152. E .)—Linn. Tr. ii. 28. 2. 
Has no ground or crust, but consists of small tubercles which in the micro¬ 
scope appear wrinkled, and of various irregular forms. Not L. simplex 
of Gmel. Syst. Veg. 
(Crustless Lichen. Opegrapha Persoonii, (3 aporea. Achar. Hook. E.) It 
grows upon a kind of grey slate, which it covers to the extent of many 
inches together. I have also found it on sand stone. Rev. Hugh Davies 
in Linn. Tr. ii. 283. 
L. calca'reus. Tubercles black, not bordered; crust clear white. 
Bill. 18. 8. 
Hard, stony, firmly fixed to the rocks, gritty when chewed, rather rough, 
cracked, set with minute white eminences, white within, thickness of half 
a straw's breadth. Tubercles rarely found, scattered, black, not bordered. 
Dill, black within, which distinguishes it from the L • sanguinarius. 
(Calcareous Lichen. E.) On most of the rocks of Glyder mountain, 
Carnarvonshire. Dill. On lime-stone rocks in the north of England and 
Wales. Huds. On the Pentland Hills. Lightf. On old walls. Relh. 
Jan.—Dec.* 
L. immer'sus. Tubercles black, immersed as it were in the stone; 
crust white. 
Hoffm. Lick. i. 12. 2 to 4— E. Bot. 193. 
Crust a white spot, scarcely distinguishable from a calcareous stone; in 
some instances mealy, in others white as milk, often intersected by black 
lines ; marked with minute black hollow dots. Tubercles immersed in the 
substance, small, black, roundish, flat; at length convex, and escaping 
from the stone, leaving a cavity. Hoffm. Crust sometimes greenish. 
Weber. 
(Black-shielded Immersed Lichen. E.) On pieces of chalk. Relh. 
n. 1026. On ragstone and limestone long exposed to the weather. 
P. Jan.—Dec. 
L. sanguina'rius. Tubercles black, not bordered; bright red within; 
crust white, polished. E. Bot. 
Hoffm. Lich. 41. 1— E. Bot. 155— Hoffm. Enurn. 5. 4 and 5. 
(The circumstance on account of which the name sanguinaria is given, is a 
disease to which several Lichens are subject, and it is not confined to the 
Apothecia only, the whole inside of the crust is frequently diseased and 
becomes crimson. Winch. Bot. Guide. 
Sanguineous Black-shielded Lichen. Lecidea sanguinaria. Achar. 
Hook. On stones upon Gateshead Fell, and in the neighbourhood of 
Egleston, Durham; also on the walk of Doe Park, near Ronaldkirk, 
Yorkshire. Mr. Winch. E.) On trees, and on granite rocks at Cromford 
Moor, near Matlock. Dr. J. E. Smith. 
L. granifor'mis. Tubercles black, not bordered; crust whitish, gra¬ 
nulated. 
(E. Bot. 1464. E.)— Hagen. 1. 2. 
* This species is so peculiar to limestone rocks, that wherever that stone occurs 
among others, it may be distinguished at the first view by this plant growing upon it. 
When dried, powdered, and steeped in lye, it is used to dye scarlet, by the Welch, 
and the inhabitants of the Orkneys. The colour is said to be very fine. 
