342 CRYPTOGAMIA. FUNGI. Lycoperdon. 
(Rootless Truffle. Lycoperdon cervinum. Linn. Sowerby. Huds. E.) 
Woods and hedges. Caen Wood near Hampstead. Ray Syn. 28. In 
Devonshire. Huds. In a wood near Woolhope, Herefordshire. It grew 
just on the surface under a tree, and was split in wide fissures so as to 
resemble a cluster of chesnuts. Mr. Stackhouse. 
T. soi/idum. Globular but compressed, brown, reticulated, very firm ; 
blue black within. 
( Grev . Scot. Crypt. 66. E.)— Vaill. 16. 5. 6— Schceff. 188. f. vii. 
Diameter one to two inches. Inner coat tough and woody ; outer skin thin, 
brown, cracking into warts, but not papillose. Inside firm, solid, blue 
black, even from its youngest state. It seems composed of black grains, 
imbedded in a grey cottony substance, so that when broken it appears 
more grey than when cut, for then the inside of the granules appear 
black from being cut through. Stemless. Root short. 
(Solid Truffle. Scleroderma cepa. Pers. Grev. E.) Edgbaston, under 
an oak tree by the pool. 13th Aug. 1791. 
(In woods and bushy places not unfrequent. Woods at Fochabers. Aber- 
corn woods, at Duddingston, near Edinburgh. Grev. E.) 
T. radica'tum. Roundish, compressed; radical fibres from the sur¬ 
face, collecting so as to form a root. 
Bolt. 116— Mich. 99. 3 and D — Sterh. 32, thetivo middlemost B. B. 
From one to two inches or more in diameter. Root none, but radical fibres 
are connected with different parts of its surface. When it rises out of the 
ground, the fibres which are undermost unite themselves and form a kind 
of root. It is at first brown and rough, and milk white within. When 
risen above the surface of the ground it assumes various colours, as 
yellow, or green, or reddish brown. The inside changes to purple, 
variegated with black veins, and at length becomes wholly black. The 
rind is very strong, and never breaks open like that of the Lycoperdons. 
Bolton. 
(Radical Truffle. Lycoperdon cervinum. Bolt. E.) L. spadiceum. Dicks. 
L. aurantiacum of Bulliard cannot be the same with this, for it is a real 
Lycoperdon opening at the top. L. spadiceum. Schseff. 188, has been 
referred to this, but the solid stem and the habit do not agree. 
On heaths, rare. April—Sept. 
LYCOPER/DQN. # Globular, or nearly so, fleshy, firm : be¬ 
coming powdery and opening at the 
top: seeds fixed to filaments connected 
with the inner coat of the plant.f 
(1) Wrapper permanent. 
Lyc. coLiFOubin. Wrapper many-cleft, expanding: head sperical, 
depressed: fruit-stalks and orifices numerous. 
(Hook. FI. Lond. E.)— Dicks. 3. 4 —(Sowerby 313. E.) 
* (From ruxo?, a wolf; and 7 rspSw, to explode; quasi Pz^-ball; alluding to the 
emission of a subtile powder. E.) 
-f* (Several of the Lycoperdons, and their congeners, yield impalpable brown and 
black powders, fit for the immediate use of the limner. E.) 
