198 
TRIANDRIA. DIGYNIA. Artjndo, 
Small Reed. Calamagrostis Epigejos. With, to Ed. 5. Moist woods and 
hedges. At Ranaugh, Norfolk. Mr. Humphrey. Earsham Wood. Mr. 
Woodward. East Fen, near Revesby Abbey, Lincolnshire. Sir Joseph 
Banks. Near Prickwillow, Isle of Ely. Rev. Dr. Goodenough. FI. Brit. 
Dalemain and Kirkland Woods, Cumberland. Hutchinson. Lakeby Car, 
Yorkshire. Rev. J. Dalton. A much smaller plant than either of the 
preceding species, and often found in open dry spots. Dumrington, Sal¬ 
ford, and Wetheley, near Alcester. Purton. E.) Ripton Wood, Hun¬ 
tingdonshire. Mr. Woodward. P. June—July. 
(A. stric'ta. Calyx single-flowered, acuminate, equal with the blos¬ 
som : panicle erect, close : down shorter than the blossom. 
E. Bot. 2160. 
One to two feet high. Leaves narrow, linear, when dry involute. Panicle 
one to four inches long. Cal. brown, glabrous. Bloss. brownish, trun¬ 
cate. Hairs few, short, visible on dissection. Hook. 
Smallest Close Reed. A. stricta. Shrad. E. Bot. Hook. A. neglecta. 
Ehrh. Sm. Linn. Tr. v. x. White Mire, one mile from Forfar. Mr. G. 
Don. P. June. E.) 
(A. arena'ria. Calyx single-flowered, longer than the blossom : pani¬ 
cle spike-like: flowers upright, awnless; leaves rolled inwards, 
prickly at the end. FI. Brit. 
Hook. FI. Lond. 181— Hort. Gram. — E. Bot. 520— FI. Han. 917. E.)— H. 
Ox. viii, 4. row 3. 16— Clus. ii. 221. 1— Lob. Obs. 45. 3— Park. 1198. 3— 
J. B. ii. 512. 1— Ger. 38. 3— C. B. 67—Ger. Em. 42. 3 —Scheuch. 3. 8. 
A, Bj C. — Mont. 92. 
{Stems two to three feet high, rigid; plant glaucous. E.) Blossom hairy at 
the base. Leaves involute, pointed, and thorn-like at the end ; whilst 
growing, frequently flat, with green and white streaks. Spike four to 
six inches long, three quarters of an inch broad. Calyx twice as long as 
the blossom. 
Sea Mat-weed. Marram. Sea Reed. (Starre or Bent, in Scot¬ 
land. Welsh: Morhesg; Merydd ; Cors-wellt y tywod. E.) Gaelic: 
Muram. A. arenaria. Linn. (FI. Brit. Calamagrostis arenaria. With, 
to Ed. 5.' E.) Sea shore, not uncommon. At Ryde, in the Isle of 
Wight. (North Shore, near Liverpool, there planted to bind the sand 
together. Dr. Bostock. Frequent on the Dorset coast, about Weymouth, 
Swanage, and Poole. Pulteney. Guards our island (Anglesey) along 
the south-west coast. Rev. Hugh Davies. Portobello and Musselburgh. 
Greville. A sand bank is formed by it at the Warren, near Exmouth. 
Rev. J. Pike Jones. E.) P. June—July.* 
* Grows only on the very driest sea shores, and prevents the wind from dispersing 
the sand over the adjoining Helds, which is not unfrequentiy the case where this plant is 
wanting. Many a fertile acre has been covered with sand and rendered useless, which 
might have been prevented by sowing the seeds of this plant. The Dutch have profited 
by the knowledge of this fact. Linn. Queen Elizabeth on this account prohibited the 
extirpation of it. It is planted, Mr. Woodward informs me, on some of the flat coasts 
of Norfolk to repel the sea, and is also suitable to the light lands of that county. He ob¬ 
serves that as soon as it takes root a sand hill gathers round it, and thinks that some of 
our sandy cliffs may have thus originated. (Mr. Winch also remarks that this plant, to¬ 
gether with a few others which seem designed by nature to bind the loose sands of the sea 
shore by their creeping roots, or stolones, are the means of forming the low round-topped 
