226 TETRANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Galium. 
Yellow Ladies’ Bed Straw. Cheese Renning. Petty Muguet. 
Yellow Goose Grass. (Irish: Balali Chuise. Welsh: Briwyddfelen ; 
Ceilion ; Llys y cy wer ; Briger y twynau. Gaelic: Ru. E.) Sides of 
fields and roads, frequent. When within the influence of the sea air ex¬ 
tremely diminutive. P. July—Oct.* 
G. an'glicum. Leaves about six in a whorl, spear-shaped, pointed, 
edged with prickles, reflexed; stems wide-spreading, rough 
with prickles pointing downwards. Huds. (Flower-stalks clo¬ 
ven ; fruit granulated, without hairs. E.) 
{E. Bot. 384. E.)— Kniph. 10— Ray Syn. 9. 1. 
Stems a foot long, feeble, four-sided, rough when stroked upwards. Leaves 
seven in a whorl, spear-shaped, dagger-pointed, rough, especially at the 
edge. Flowering branches opposite, short. Fruit-stalk smooth, two or 
three-flowered. Linn. Stems one foot to one foot and a half high, spread¬ 
ing, four-cornered, branched; flowering branches opposite. Leaves bare 
(except at the edge), sometimes seven in a whorl. Huds. Leaves , the 
prickly hairs at the edge pointing forwards, sometimes a few scattered 
on the surface; those of the branches generally in pairs, as in Ray’s 
figure. Branches rough. Fruit-stalks smooth, generally dividing into 
three, one of them supporting two flowers. St. Blossom greenish yellow, 
smaller than the fruit, which, though less smooth than that of the other 
species in this subdivision, is still not hispid. 
(Wall Bed Straw. G. anglicmn. Huds. G. parisiense. Relh. not of 
Linn. Aparine minima. Ray Syn. 225. Tournefort’s plant with a dark 
purple blossom cannot belong to this. (On walls and dry sandy ground. 
E.) At Hackney, on a wall. H. Ox. iii. p. 333. Ray.'—Sandy ground 
between Hartford and Northfleet. On a wall at Farningham, Kent. 
Hudson.—On the walls of Binham Church, Norfolk. Mr. Crowe: (and on 
ruins in several parts of that county, Suffolk, and Cambridgeshire. Sir J. 
E. Smith. E.) A. June—July. 
(2) Seeds hispid . 
G. borea'le. Leaves four in a whorl, spear-shaped, smooth, three- 
fibred : stem upright: fruit rough with hooked bristles. 
Licks. H. S»—Fl.Lan. 1024— E.Bot. 105— Kniph. 5 — Pet. 30. 7— J.B. iii. 
716. 3. 
Root creeping, reddish. Leaves sometimes nearly an inch long, with 
five strong ribs ; paler beneath. Fruit of two reniform seeds. E.) The 
three strongly marked ribs on the leaves afford a decided character. 
Leaves egg-spear-shaped, four in a whorl, but only two or three at the 
base of the fruit-stalks. Blossoms white, very numerous, crowded. 
Cross-wort Madder. Cross-leaved Goose Grass or Bed Straw. 
Among rocks, and by rivers and lakes, chiefly in the north. 
Mountains in Westmoreland and Wales. Near Pooley Bridge, by 
* The flowers coagulate boiling milk. The French prescribe them in Hysteric and 
Epileptic cases. Boiled in alum water they tinge wool yellow. The roots dye a very 
fine red, not inferior to madder, and are used for this purpose in the Island of Jura. 
Pennant, 1772, p. 214. Sheep and goats eat it. Horses and swine refuse it. Cows 
are not fond of it. This plant is subject to a disease, in which the stem and branches 
are beset with fleshy balls, about the size of a pea, hollow within, and covered with a 
purplish skin. 
