OCTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Vaccinium. 479 
(2) Leaves evergreen . 
V. vitis-idje'a. Bunches terminal, drooping: leaves inversely egg- 
shaped: edge obscurely denticulate and revolute: dotted be¬ 
neath : (bloss. hell-shaped. E.) 
Dicks. H. S. — {E. Bot. 598. E.) — FI. Dan. 40 -i-Kniph. 9 — Dod. 770. 1— 
Ger. Em. 1415. 2 — Park. 1456. 4 — J. B. i. a. 522. 
Is seldom found in blossom. Curt. Stems obliquely ascending, scarcely a 
span high, cylindrical. Leaves alternate. Berries red. Linn. Leaves 
with deep veins above, which are equally prominent underneath: some 
much smaller leaves intermixed with the rest. Woodw. Leaves some¬ 
times obscurely serrated towards the end. St. Floral-leaves and cups 
coloured. Filaments very white, woolly. Anthers red, of two cells, 
each with a yellowish tube at the point. Blossom pale pink. 
(A dwarf variety, very bushy, with leaves much crowded, and only half 
the size of the common plant, but having flowers full as large, is found 
by Mr. Murray on the Campsie hills near Glasgow, and on hills in Arran. 
This retains its characters in gardens, where in England it has long been 
known as V. buxifolium. Hook. Scot. E.) 
Red Whortle-berry. (Cow-berry. Gaelic: Lus-nam-braoileag. E.) 
Mountainous parts of Derbyshire, Staffordshire, and Yorkshire. Ray. 
Dry places in heaths, woods, and tops of mountains. Lightfoot. And 
marshy heaths. Hudson. Top of Skiddaw and Ingleborough. Mr. 
Woodward. Cannock Heath, Staffordshire, in a dry gravel. Dr. Stokes. 
Stiperstones, near Salop. Mr. Aikin. Near Witton-le-Wear. Mr. Rob¬ 
son. (Opposite Liverpool. Mr. Shepherd. Snowdon and other moun¬ 
tains in Wales. Cronkley Fell; and near Egleston, Durham. Rev. J. 
Harriman, in Bot. Guide. Abundant in woods above Gwydir, near 
Llanrwst. Mr. Griffith. Pentland Hills. Mr. Maughan, in Grev. Edin. 
E.) S. March—April.* 
V. oxycoc'cus. Fruit-stalks single, or in pairs: leaves egg-shaped, 
very entire: edges revolute: stem filiform, trailing, not hairy: 
(bloss. deeply four-cleft. Sm. E.) 
Dicks. H. S. — FI. Dan. 80 — (E. Bot. 319. E.)—Black. 593 — Lob. Obs. 
547. 3 —J. B. i. A. 227. 2— Dod. 770. 2—Ger. Em. 141 9—Park. 1229— 
Ger. 1367. 
{Stems six to ten inches long, wiry, with numerous leafy branches. E.) 
Stamens sometimes ten. Gough. Floral-leaves two. Linn. Fruit-stalks 
red, semi-transparent, one flower on each. Calyx smooth, fringed at the 
points, coloured. Blossom four distinct petals, rolled back to the base 
and falling off separate. Anthers two-celled, each terminating in a 
capillary tube open at the end. Style red, tubular. Summit an open 
* The berries are acid, and not very grateful, but they are eaten by the Laplanders and 
other country people, and are sent in large quantities from West Bothnia to Stockholm 
for pickling. Linn. They are also made into tarts, rob, and jelly, (and much esteemed by 
the Swedes as a corrective of animal alkali. Encyc. Brit.—Immersion in water for some 
hours is said to remove the disagreeable bitterness. The jelly is recommended for sore 
throats. In Derbyshire these berries are sold in the markets and called Cowberries. E.) 
Goats eat it; cows, sheep, and horses refuse it. (The leaves are occasionally subject to a 
neat, minute, roundish, black fungus, Hysterium melaleucum t bursting longitudinally. 
Grev. Scot. Crypt. 88. E.) 
