498 OCTANDRIA. TR1GYNIA. Polygonum. 
P. vivip'arum. Leaves spear-shaped, (revolute, with prominent mar¬ 
ginal veins: spike terminal, linear. E.) 
(Hook. FI. Lond. 81— E. Bot. 669. E.)— FI. Dan. 13— Kniph. 2— Clus. ii. 
69. 2— Ger. Em. 399. 2— Park. 392. 4— Ger. 322. 2— J. B. iii. 539. 2— 
Pluk. 151. 2. 
(Much resembling the preceding species, hut considerably smaller. E.) 
Lower Jlowers of the spike frequently changed into vegetating bulbs, 
Linn, (and thus does nature, by these numerous little gemmae or buds, 
provide an ample remedy for the general imperfection of the flowers. 
Hook. E.) Stem-leaves strap-shaped, arising from a sheath. Sheaths 
inclosing the stem, terminated by a blunt membrane. Woodw. Bulbs 
darkish purple, egg-shaped, sometimes intermixed with the flowers, 
mealy and white within. St. ( Blossom white or pinkish. E.) 
Small or Viviparous Snakeweed. (Welsh Bistort. Alpine Bis¬ 
tort. E.) Mountainous pastures. Crosby Ravensworth, and other 
places in Westmoreland; near Settle, Yorkshire. Edge of Semer Water 
at Carr End, Wensleydale. Curtis. In the fields between Shap and 
Hardingdal, Westmoreland. Mr. Gough. (Near the top of Ben Lomond. 
FI. Brit. On the banks of the Wear at Burtree Ford, Weardale. Mr. 
Winch. Northern declivity of Benbulben mountain, Sligo. E. Murphy, 
Esq. E.) P. June—July.* * 
Var. 2. Huds. Root-leaves roundish and minutely serrated. Stem about 
four inches high. Ray. 
H. Ox. v. 28. 3 and 5— Park. 392. 6. 
Pastures on a high rock called y Grib Goch, above the lake Ffynnon Freeh 
near Llanberris. 
(4) Flowers with eight stamens and three pistils: spike single: stem 
branched . 
P. avicula'ue. Flowers axillary : leaves spear-shaped, (rough-edged : 
ribs of the stipulse distant: stem procumbent, herbaceous. E.) 
Var. 1. latifolium. Retz. Broad-leaved. 
Curt. 1. 10—(E. Bot. 1252. E.)— Fuchs. 614— J.B. iii. 375. l—Trag. 391 
— Blackw. 315— FI. Dan. 803—• Matth. 951— Dod. 113. 1— Lob. Obs. 228. 
3— Ger. Em. 565— Park. 443. 1— H. Ox. v. 29. row 3. 1— Pet. 10. 1— 
Ger. 451 —Lonic. i. 168. 3— Wale. 5, Convolvulus. 
Stem scored, six to eighteen inches long, thickest at the joints, (whence the 
English trivial name; E.) and separating when pulled. Leaves , some 
egg and others spear-shaped. Flowers two or three together, axillary. 
Fruit-stalks short, but two of them longer. Calyx double, scariose ; the 
outer with five spear-shaped segments inclosing the three florets; the 
inner incloses only the third floret, and sometimes the rudiment of a 
fourth. Blossom greenish on the outside, white within, often tinged with 
pink. (Fruit large, dark, shining, triquetrous. E.) 
for greens, under the name of Patience Dock. Caley. (M. Hermstaedt, of Berlin, has 
discovered that this plant will tan leather effectually, and with a much smaller quantity than 
isnecessary of Oak bark. E.) 
* Plants cultivated for four years in a garden constantly produced perfect seeds in July, 
and flowered as constantly a second time in September. These latter germs vegetated on 
the stem. Mr. Gough. 
