572 DODECANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Ceratophyllum. 
MONOGYNIA. 
AS'ARUM. # Calyx three our four-cleft, sessile on the ger- 
mens: Bloss. none : Caps, coriaceous, crowned, of six 
cells, but no valves. 
A. Europ;e'um. (Leaves two on each stem, kidney-shaped, dark 
green, shining, very entire, on long hairy foot-stalks. E.) 
(E. Hot. 1083. E.)— Woodv. 86—Kniph. 9—Ludw. 18 2—Sheldr. 19— FI. 
Dan. 633— Mill. III. — Blackw. 383— Trag. 64— Hod. 358— Lob. Obs. 
328. 2— Ger. Em. 836. 1— II. Ox. xiii. 7. row 3. 1— Park. 266. 1— Matth. 
36— Fuchs. 10— J. B. iii. 548— Mill. : % 3. 1. a. 
( Root strong-scented, thick, and fleshy. Stem very short. Stamens con- 
6 cealed in the bottom of the calyx. Flower large, purplish, solitary, ter¬ 
minal, drooping. E.) 
As arabacca. Woods and shady places. Lancashire, (near Preston, &c. 
Ray. Near Kirkby Lonsdale, Westmoreland. Dr. Batty. FI. Brit. By 
the road side between Henley and Maidenhead. Rev. Charles Abbot. E. 
Bot. Ramskin ; Martindale; and Keswick. Hutchinson. Plentiful in 
Broad-bottom wood, near Mytholmroyd, six miles from Halifax. Mr. 
Roberts Ley land. Eng. FI. Waste ground about Ormath waite, but 
suspected to have been introduced as an officinal plant. Mr. Winch. 
WestBinny, near Linlithgow. Miss Liston. Hook. Scot. E.) P. May.t 
CERATOPHYL'LUM.J B. and F. flowers on the same plant: 
Cal. with many divisions : Bloss. none. 
B. Stamens (often sixteen to twenty, E.) twice as 
many as the segments of the calyx. 
F. Style none: Nut one-seeded. 
C. demer'sum. (Capsule armed with three beaks or spines: segments 
of the calyx notched at the end. E.) 
(E. Bot. 947. E.)— FI. Dan. 510— Does. 12. atp. 67— Vaill. Hist, de VAcad. 
vol.for 1719. p. 21. 
Root striking deep in the mud. Stem (two or three feet long. E.) much 
branched, the lower part generally covered with mud. Leaves about 
eight in a whorl, the lower whorls about half an inch distant, but closer 
* (According to Pliny from a, privative; and aalpw;, to adorn ; because it was not 
thought worthy of being inserted in garlands. E.) 
+ (The dried roots of this plant have been generally imported from the Levant, those of 
our own growth being supposed weaker. The roots and leaves have a nauseous, bitter, 
acrimonious, hot taste ; and strong smell, fl'hey are powerfully emetic and cathartic. 
Asarabacca is used chiefly as a sternutatory, and forms the basis of cephalic snuffs. It is 
the strongest of all vegetable errhines. A grain or two of the root snuffed up the nose 
occasions a copious evacuation of mucus and expectoration ; the effects of a single dose, 
according to Geoffroy, continuing two or three days. He states that paralysis of the moutb 
and tongue has been speedily removed thereby. This herb has been recommended as a 
powerful diaphoretic. E.) 
+ (From HEpas, xspaTOf, a horn, and ov, a leaf; the leaves being forked like horns. E.j 
