HERTFORDSHIRE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 
XXXI 
and it seems probable that the artist who executed this cruciform 
device was unconscious of the fact that he was engraving the head 
of Apollo. When once this cruciform stage was attained, farther 
simplification became easy, of which examples are seen in Eigs. 10 
and 17. Eig. 18 gives another variety, in which the centre is 
occupied by a circular ornament instead of the crescents; this assists 
in showing how the ultimate descendant from the head, a sort of 
four-leaved flower, as seen on Eig. 19, was developed. 
In other lines of descent the wreath retained its predominance, 
hut there was still the tendency to develop a symmetrical ornament. 
This is illustrated in Eigs. 20, 25, 26, and 27, the two latter of 
which show coins from Yorkshire. Another coin from the same 
district, Eig. 28, retains a small part of the original device, but little 
altered except by enlargement, so that three locks of back hair and 
a small portion of the wreath suffice to fill the field. 
In another line of descent the wreath survived, modified in the 
same manner as on the coins with the cruciform devices, and with 
the crescents either in the centre or at the side of the wreath, as in 
Eigs. 23 and 24. In Eig. 29, copied probably from a worn coin, 
there is merely a raised band across the field, marking the portion 
of the wreath; and in Fig. 22 the field is perfectly plain but convex, 
though the reverse is identical with that of Eig. 21, which shows 
the head on the obverse. 
In another class of coins, which belong to the eastern district, 
the central crescents become the principal features. These are 
somewhat ornamented on the coin of Addedomaros with the cruci¬ 
form type, Eig. 10, but form the whole device on another coin of 
the same prince, Eig. 11. In Eigs. 12 and 13 other symmetrical 
modifications, with large crescents in the centre, are shown. 
On other coins, as on those of the western district, the wreath 
alone is preserved, but in a form somewhat resembling a fern leaf 
(see Eigs. 6 and 7). On the coins of Cunobelinus, when Homan art 
had attained great influence in Britain, it reappears as an ear of 
bearded corn. 
On the reverses of the coins the fact of the device being a horse 
was rarely forgotten, although it came to be repre¬ 
sented in a curiously disjointed manner, which saved 
the engraver much trouble. In Eig. 28 this conven¬ 
tionalized horse has its peculiarities perhaps carried to 
an extreme. In Eig. 5 another variety is shown, in 
which great importance seems to have been attached 
to the representation of the four legs. This form pre¬ 
vailed in Dorsetshire and the neighbouring counties. 
In most cases, however, when the artist who engraved 
the dies possessed sufficient skill, there was a reversion 
towards the original horse. 
A remarkable metamorphosis of the horse is illustrated in the 
woodcut given above. The upper figure shows a derivative from the 
type of the charioteer, which can be traced through ‘ Evans,’ PL 
E, 9, and allied coins up to 1 Evans,’ PI. D, Eos. 3 and 4, though 
