192 
J. HOPKINSON-PHENOLOGICAL PHENOMENA 
As observations of tbe insects and birds are reported upon by 
other recorders, the alterations in the list of these need not be here 
further referred to. Of the plants, one of the species omitted 
(Gentiana campestris ) is generally of somewhat rare occurrence, 
and the date of its flowering has hitherto but seldom been observed, 
and the others are species which come into flower very irregularly 
and are dependent for their state of forwardness more upon situation 
than differences in the seasons. Most of the species added are trees 
or shrubs. 
In the following table, recording observations on insects and 
birds, etc., the earliest dates are as before alone given. For details 
Mr. Silvester’s notes on the insects observed (p. 91), and Mr. 
Littleboy’s notes on the birds (p. 82), should be referred to. 
Earliest Dates oe Observations oe Insects, Birds, etc., in 
1883, with the Mean Date eor 1876-83. 
No. 
Species. 
1883. 
Mean. 
80. 
Melolontha vulgaris (cock-chafer) appears . 
May 14 
May 24 
81. 
Phizotrogus solstitialis (fern-chafer) ap. 
June 29 
June 17 
82. 
Timarcha Icevigata (bloodv-nosed beetle) ap. 
83. 
Lampyris noctiluca (glow-worm) ap. 
June 17 
84. 
Apis mellifica (honey-bee) ap. 
Jan. 1 
Jan. 27 
85. 
Vespa vulgaris (common wasp) ap. 
Apl. 2 
86 . 
Pieris Brassicce (large white butterfly) ap. 
Apl. 5 
Apl. 13 
87. 
P. Rapce (small white butterfly) ap. ... 
Apl. 1 
Mar. 27 
88 . 
Anthocharis cardamines (orange-tip butterfly) ap. 
May 5 
89. 
Epioiephile Janira (meadow-brown butterfly) ap. 
May 16 
May 24 
90. 
Bibio Marci (St. Mark’s-fly) ap... 
Apl. 18 
Apl. 28 
91. 
Strix Aluco (brown owl) hoots.. 
Aug. 7 
92. 
Muscicapa grisola (spotted flycatcher) arrives. 
Apl. 25 
May 16 
93. 
Turdus musicus (song-thrush) sings. 
Jan. 1 
Jan. 12 
94. 
T. pilaris (fieldfare) arrives.... 
Oct. 25 
Nov. 4 
95. 
JDaulias Luscinia (nightingale) sings . 
Apl. 14 
Apl. 14 
96. 
Saxicola (Enanthe (wheatear) returns. 
Sept. 27 
97. 
Phylloscopus Trochilus (willow-wren) sings . 
Apl. 4 
Mar. 29 
98. 
P. collybita (chiff-chaff) sings. 
Apl. 4 
Mar. 22 
99. 
Alauda arvensis (sky-lark) sings. 
Jan. 4 
Jan. 17 
100 . 
Fringilla coelebs (chaffinch) sings... 
Feb. 9 
Feb. 4 
- nests . 
May 30 
101 . 
Corvus frugilegus (rook) builds. 
Feb. 20 
Feb. 20 
102 . 
Guculus canorus (cuckoo) calls ...... 
Apl. 14 
Apl. 11 
103. 
Hirundo rustica (swallow) arrives . 
Apl. 1 
Apl. 12 
104. 
II. urbica (house-martin) arr. 
Apl. 14 
105. 
H. riparia (sand-martin) arr. 
Apl. 18 
106. 
Cypselus Apus (swift) arrives . 
May 1 
May 8 
107. 
Caprimulgus europceus (goatsucker) arr. 
108. 
Columba Turtur (turtle-dove) coos . 
Apl. 20 
May 1 
109. 
Perdix cinerea (partridge) pairs ... 
Jan. 30 
-hatches. 
June 15 
June 18 
110 . 
Scolopax Busticola (woodcock) arrives... 
Oct. 16 
Oct. 23 
111. 
Crex pratensis (corn-crake) arr. 
May 3 
112 . 
Pana temporaria (common frog) spawns. 
Mar. 4 
Mar. 13 
