HISTORY ,; 
103 
operations. I sent this paper to the Emperor of the French, 
and one year’s grace was granted me in which to make another 
attempt/’ 
The success of the experiment, however, was so great and 
undisputable, that the promoters of the company immediately 
set to work, and a stronger cable, protected by a sheathing of 
iron wire (Fig. 38), was begun by Wilkins & Wheatherly, and 
finished by Newall & Co. The lengths prepared at these two 
Fig. 39. 
works having been found insufficient to reach the French shore, 
the end of the cable was fixed to a buoy, and the extra length 
required was made immediately by Kuper & Co., a firm which, 
after having been changed into “ Glass, Elliott & Co.,” became 
the great and famous concern at Morden Wharf, near Greenwich, 
known as the “ Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Co.” 
Three different manufacturers have therefore shared the honour 
of making the first permanent cable. 
This cable was laid in October, 1851, between Sangate, near 
Calais, and the South Foreland, near Dover. The core of the 
