THEIR ATTRIBUTES AND NAMES. 
113 
names from the shape of the leaves, the last from its having been 
much used as a remedy for coughs. The cotton of the leaves was 
formerly used as tinder. The flea-banes, the asters, the groundsels, 
the leopard’s-hane, and the common daisy or “ eye-of-the-day,” also 
belong to this order. Chaucer says, 
“ One called eye of the dale, 
The Daisie a flowre white and rede, 
And in French called La bel Margerite.” 
The daisy is essentially the children’s flower, and perhaps its 
prettiest name is a Scotch one, the bairnwort. Amongst its names 
we find marguerite, herb margaret, and wound-wort, this last 
from its soft downy leaves having been used instead of lint for 
dressing wounds. The feverfews were formerly much used in 
medicine as a febrifuge, and are now used as an insect-powder, 
supposed to be particularly objectionable to mosquitos; my per¬ 
sonal experience in Algeria being that it has rather attractive 
powers than otherwise. The chamomiles are largely used in medi¬ 
cine, deriving the name from the Greek, signifying ground-apples, 
from their smell being supposed to resemble that of fresh apples. 
Campanulace&.—Tlae Bell-flowers are mostly slightly shrubby 
plants, with a milky, bitter juice, and ornamental flowers, but of 
little use as food or medicine. They include the beautiful hairbell 
or lady’s thimble, which is really the bluebell of Scotland. 
Ericacece. —The Heath tribe chiefly consists of shrubs or small 
bushy trees with evergreen leaves and highly ornamental flowers, 
and they often cover large tracts of country. The genus Vaccinium 
includes four English species with slightly acid berries, to which 
the names of cranberry, whortleberry, bilberry, and whinberry have 
been applied. 
Apocynacea.— The British examples of this order are herbaceous 
plants with showy flowers, the Periwinkles. Most of the members 
of the order abound in a milky juice, and a large number are 
poisonous. Taughinia veninifera , a native of Madagascar, is one of 
the most deadly vegetable poisons, one seed being sufficient to kill 
twenty people. The “ hya-hya ” is one of the “ cow-trees,” 
affording a large. quantity of sweet and wholesome sap, which is 
used in the place of milk. Several species produce India-rubber 
of good quality. They are remarkable for the intensely bitter 
principle existing throughout every part of them, hence they are 
valuable tonic medicines. 
Gentianacece. —The Gentians are mostly herbaceous plants, and 
many have large and brilliantly-coloured flowers. They are dis¬ 
tributed throughout all climates. 
Convolvulacece. —The Bindweed tribe is an extensive and highly 
valuable order of plants, mostly herbaceous climbers, with large 
and beautiful flowers, many ranking high as medicinal plants. 
Erom the roots of Convolvulus scammonia , a Syrian species, scam- 
mony is obtained, and from the resin abounding in the roots of 
several others, jalap. 
Boraginace®.— The Borage tribe includes several of our wild 
VOL. IV.—PART iv. 8 
