Dicotyledons with Polypetalous Flowers — Rosacece. 
37 
To Pruned belong the Cherry, Apricot, Plum and Bullace {Prunus), Almond,Peach, and Nectarine (. Amygclalus ), 
also the Cherry-laurel ( Prunus Lauro-cerasus) and Portugal Laurel (P. lusitanica), planted in every shrubbery. 
SPlRyEACEiE.—To this group belong numerous cultivated ornamental species, horticultural varieties and hybrids 
of the genus Spircea, chiefly of North American and Asiatic origin, also Kerria japonica, an old denizen of cottage 
gardens introduced from China and Japan. 
Dryade^e include the Raspberry (. Rubus idceus ) and Blackberry (P. fruticosus), Strawberry (Fragaria vesca), 
and ornamental garden species of Potentilla and Avens ( Geum ). 
SANGUISORBE.E are of but small economic importance. Burnet ( Sanguisorba) is a fodder-plant and a few 
species of the group are applied in rude medicine. 
ROSE^E. —To the genus Rosa belong the innumerable garden varieties and hybrids, almost invariably double- 
flowered owing to the development of petals at the expense of the essential organs of the flower, derived from a few 
species, which have been cultivated for the sake of their beautiful flowers from time immemorial. Of these cultivated 
species the principal are Rosa centifolia and R. gallica (probably a variety of R. centifolia), from which are derived 
the Common Cabbage, Moss and Provence Roses ; R. alba, the White Rose ; R. indica, the various Tea Roses ; R. 
bengalensis, the Monthly and China Roses ; R. arvensis, Ayrshire Rose ; and R. rubiginosa, the Sweet Briar. 
Attar or Otto of Rose is obtained in South Europe, especially in Turkey, in Persia and Northern India, from the 
petals of R. moschata, R. damascena, and R. centifolia. 
POMACE/E include the Apple {Pyrus Malus), Pear (R. communis'), Siberian Crab (P. pr unifolia), Service-tree 
(P. domestica), Quince ( Gydonia vulgaris ), Medlar (Mespilus germanica ), and the Loquat of China and Japan 
(Eriobotrya japonica). To the same group belong Common Hawthorn ( Gratcegus Oxyacantha), everywhere used as 
a hedge-plant, and the Rowan or Mountain Ash {Pyrus Aucuparia), Crataegus Pyracantha, and several North 
American species of Crataegus common in shrubberies, as also a few cultivated species of Cotoneaster , of which 
genus a single species is indigenous in Britain, growing upon the limestone cliffs of Great Orme’s Head in North 
Wales. 
