I. PHANEROGAMIA. 
Class i. DICOTYLEDONS or EXOGENS (Pages i to iro) ? generally characterised by:— 
Leaves irregularly net-veined. Outer whorls of the Flower in 4’s or 5’s. 
Embryo with two Seed-leaves or Cotyledons (hence the term “ Dicotyledons” applied to the Class). 
Stem, when perennial, with distinct pith, a continuous ring of confluent woody bundles, and a separable bark ; increase in diameter 
taking place by additions outside the wood already formed (hence the term Exogens sometimes applied to the Class), and inside the bark. 
Class 2. MONOCOTYLEDONS or ENDOGENS [Pages 111 to 137), generally characterised by:— 
Leaves straight-veined. Outer whorls of the Flower in 3’s. 
Embryo with a single Seed-leaf or Cotyledon (hence the term “ Monocotyledons ” applied to the 
Class). 
Stem, when perennial, without distinct pith, continuous ring of wood or separable bark, the woody bundles permanently closed in 
diameter after their first formation, and separately and successively embedded in the interior of the stem (hence the term Endogens 
applied to the Class). 
CLASS I. DICOTYLEDONS. * 
Division i. Polypetalse [Pages 1 to 52). Flowers usually with both Calyx and Corolla. Petals 
distinct (corolla polypetalous). 
Division ii. Gamopetale [Pages 5 3 to 83). Flowers with both Calyx and Corolla. Petals 
cohering (corolla gamo- or monopetalous). 
Division iii. Incomplete [Pages 84 to no). Flowers destitute of Calyx and Corolla (Achla- 
mydese), or of Corolla only (Monochlamydee). 
CLASS II. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 
Division i. Petaloideae [Pages 111 to 128). Parts of the perianth whorled, usually coloured; rarely 
wanting. 
Division ii. Glumiferse [Pages 129 to 13 7). Flower in the axil of a chaffy scale (glume), or between 
two scales. 
