Dicotyledons with Incomplete Flowers. 
99 
Nattiral Order 
JUGLANDACEiE. Tab. 82. 
Diagnosis. — Trees with alternate pinnate leaves. Flowers unisexual. 
Ovary inferior, 1-celled, with a solitary erect ovule. Seeds exalbuminous. 
Distribution. —A small exotic Natural Order of the North Temperate zone, with a few species 
penetrating the Tropics in the Old World. The principal genus, Walnut (Juglans\ is common to 
both Hemispheres, though most numerous in America. No species is indigenous in Europe. 
FLOWERS spicate ; perianth of the staminate flowers scaly or rudimentary, of the pistillate flowers adherent to 
the ovaiy, with an obsolete limb surrounding 2 or 4 minute scales at the base of the short style. 
FRUIT in Walnut drupaceous with a thin bony endocarp, from which vertical projecting plates partially divide 
the internal cavity and occasion the lobing of the seed. 
USES, &c.—The Walnut (Juglccns regia), introduced into Europe from the Transcaucasian provinces, is an 
important tree, much planted for shade and ornament. The wood is used in cabinet-work and for gun-stocks. From 
the kernels of its well-known shell-fruit an oil is expressed used as food. Hickory nuts of the United States are the 
fruits of species of Gary a (G. alba and G. tomentosa). The North American Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) and 
Butternut (J. cinerea ) afford valuable timber, the former especially adapted for ornamental and cabinet work. 
