NORTH AMERICAN LATER TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BRYOZOA. 
47 
BAMPHONOTUS MULTISPINATUS, new species. 
Plate 34, fig. 4. 
Description. —The zoarium incrusts shells. The zooecia are oval or elliptical, 
elongated, distinct; separated by a deep furrow; the mural rim is wide, salient, 
round, and bears four small distal spines, two large hollow spines at the level of 
the condyles, and a variable number of areal spines; the opesium is anterior, oval, 
trifoliated. On the gymnocyst there is a large avicularium. 
,, i r\ • ^o = 0.24 mm. n • is = 0.40-0.50 mm. 
r [/o = 0.16-0.18 mm. [ lz = 0.28-0.40 mm. 
Affinities. —The two large spines are fixed at the level of the condyles which 
narrow the opesium and which serve for the articulation of the opercular valve. 
This species differs from Ramphonotus asperus in its spines, which are more 
numerous and of two lands. 
Occurrence. —Pleistocene: Santa Barbara, California (rare). 
Holotype. —Cat. No. 68462, U.S.N.M. 
BAMPHONOTUS AGELLUS Ulrich and Bassler, 1904. 
Plate 13, figs. 8-10. 
1904. Amphiblestrum agellus Ulrich and Bassler, Bryozoa, Maryland, Geological Survey, Miocene, 
p. 414, pi. 112, figs. 7a, 76; pi. 118, fig. 14. 
Description. —The zoarium incrusts shells. The zooecia are distinct, separated 
by a deep furrow, ovoid, much enlarged at their base; the mural rim is thin and 
sharp; the cryptocyst is short, oblique, concave. The opesium is transverse, tri¬ 
foliate, much narrowed at the level of two large spines and of the hinge of the oper¬ 
cular valve. The ovicell is quite salient, globular, smooth, formed of two cal¬ 
careous lamellae the superior one of which is incomplete and limits a small semi¬ 
lunar frontal area. The gymnocyst bears a large very salient oblique avicularium 
with its beak turned toward the base. 
Measurements. —Opesia. 
ho = 0.20 mm. 
lo = 0.22-0.24 mm. 
Zooecia* 
<Lz=0AQ mm. 
Iz = 0.30—0.46 mm. 
Variations. —The original type of the species is incomplete and formed of 
ancestrular zooecia, which in this genus are always much smaller than the normal 
zooecia. Other specimens found at the same horizon in Virginia appear to represent 
the true form of the species. The avicularium is triangular and very salient. On 
account of its oblique arrangement it is very fragile and is not well preserved in 
fossilization. The opesium is elongated in the ancestrular zooecia but transverse 
in the other. 
Affinities. —This species' differs from Ramphonotus minax Busk, 1864, in its 
trifoliate opesium and in its avicularium oriented in the zooecial axes. It differs 
from R. asperus in the presence of two large spines instead of six and in its avicularium 
not arranged transversely. The worn or broken forms of this species are very 
difficult to distinguish. 
Occurrence. —Miocene (St. Mary’s formation): Cove Point, Maryland (rare); 
Bowler’s wharf, 18 miles above Urbana, Middlesex County, Virginia (rare). 
Plesiotype —Cat. No. 68463, U.S.N.M. 
