80 
BULLETIN 125, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
short, finely denticulated, numbering three or four; they are irregular and their 
position never symmetrical. The zoarium is rather variable. The small specimens 
are always wider than high. The large specimens are cupuliform but always very 
convex. 
,This species differs from Cupularia haidingeri Reuss, 1847 (= C. denticulata Busk, 
1859), in the smaller micrometric measurements and in the absence of the large 
hydrostatic tuberosities of the internal face. It differs from Cupularia reussiana 
Manzoni, 1869, in its spinous processes never united. It differs from Cupularia doma 
D’Orbigny, 1851, which it most resembles in its large, thin, cupuliform zoarium 
and in the absence or attenuation of the large tuberosities of the internal face. 
Occurrence. —Miocene (Duplin marl): Natural Well, 2 miles southwest of Magno¬ 
lia, Duplin County, North Carolina (type locality); Wilmington, and many other 
localities in North and South Carolina. Miocene (Choctowhatchee marl): Jackson 
Bluff, Ocklocknee River, 25 miles southwest of Tallahassee, Florida (common). 
Miocene (St. Mary’s formation): St. Marys River, Maryland (rare). Miocene 
(Yorktown formation): Williamsburg, York River, and other localities in Virginia 
(rare). Pliocene (Waccamaw marl): Waccamaw River, Horry County, South 
Carolina (very common). Pliocene (Caloosahatchee marl): Monroe County, Florida 
(very common). 
Plesiotypes.— Cat. Nos. 68497-68505, U.S.N.M. 
CUPULARIA UMBELLATA Defrance, 1823. 
Plate 2, figs. 15-19. 
1823. Lunulites umbellata Defrance, Dictionnaire du Sciences Naturelles, vol. 27, p. 361. 
1862. Discoporella denticulata Gabb and Horn, Monograph of the fossil Polyzoa of the Secondary 
and Tertiary formations of North America, Journal Academy of Natural Sciences of Phil¬ 
adelphia, ser. 2, vol. 5, p. 142, pi. 20, fig. 25. 
1872. Cupularia umbellata Smitt, Floridan Bryozoa, Ivongl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens 
Handlingar, vol. 11, p. 14, pi. 3, figs. 75-80. 
1889. Cupularia umbellata Jelly, A synonymic Catalogue of marine Bryozoa, p. 79 (general biblio¬ 
graphy). 
1895, 1900. Cupularia umbellata Neviani, Briozoi, neozoici di alcune localita d’ltalia, Bollettino 
della Society Rornana per gli Studi Zoologici, pt. 2, vol. 4, 1895, pp. 287, 243; pt. 4, vol. 7, 
1898, p. 38; pt. 5, vol. 8, 1898, pp. 98, 100, 106; pt. 6, (2), vol. 1, p. 60. 
1896. Cupularia umbellata Neviani, Briozoi fossili della Farnesina. Palaeontographia Italica, vol. 1, 
p. 101 (sep. 25). 
1900. Cupularia umbellata Neviani, Bryozoi, terziari et posterziari della Toscana, Bolletino della 
Societa geologica Italiana, vol. 19, p. 362 (sep. 18). 
1900. Cupularia umbellata Neviani, Brioizoi neogenici della Calabrie. Palaeontographia Italica 
vol. 6, p. 168 (regional bibliography). 
1908. Cupularia umbellata Canu, Iconographie des Bryozoaires fossiles de PArgentine, Anales del 
Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires, vol. 17, p. 274, pi. 5, figs. 4, 5 (bibliography). 
1909. Cupularia umbellata Canu, Bryozoaires fossiles du Sud-Ouest de la France, Bulletin de la 
Soci6te Geologique de France, ser. 4, vol. 9, pp. 448, 454, pi. 16, figs. 16,17 (regional biblio¬ 
graphy). 
1909. Cupularia lowei Norman, On the Polyzoa of Madeira, Journal Linnean Society, vol. 30, p. 290, 
pi. 37, figs. 7-12. 
1913. Cupularia umbellata Canu, Etude compare des Bryozoaires Helvetiens de l’Egypte avec 
les Bryozoaires vivants de la Mediterranee et de la Mer Rouge: Memoire de l’lnstitut 
Egyptien, vol. 6, fasc. 3, p. 205. 
