204 
BULLETIN 125, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
1907. Lichenopora hispida Calvet, Expeditions scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman, Bryo- 
zoaires, p. 466 (complementary bibliography). 
1907. Lichenopora hispida Nordgaard, Bryozoen von dem norwegischen-Fischereidampfer “Mich¬ 
ael Sara,” Bergens Museum Aarbog, p. 17. 
1908. Lichenopora hispida Canu, Les Bryozoaires du Sud-Ouest de la France, Bulletin societe 
geologique France, ser. 4, vol. 8, p. 388, pi. 7, fig. 18. 
1912. Lichenopora hispida Guerin-Ganivet, Contributions a l’etude des Bryozoaires des cotes 
armoricaines, III, Bryozoaires de la region de Concarneau et de l’Archipel de Glenan, 
Travaux scientifiques du Laboratorie de Zoologie de Concarneau, vol. 4, p. 21. 
1912. Lichenopora hispida Barroso, Briozoos de la Estaceon de Zoologia maritima de Santander, 
Trabajos del Museo de ciencias naturales, no. 5, p. 59. 
1913. Lichenopora hispida Guerin-Ganivet, Bryozoaires de la mission arctique du “Jacques Car- 
tier,” Society d’oceanographie du Golfe de Gascogne, fasc. 7, p. 42. 
1916. Lichenopora hispida F. Canu, Bryozoaires fossiles des Terrains du Sud-Ouest de la France, 
Bulletin Soci6t6 geologique de France, ser. 4, vol. 15, p. 333. 
1918. Lichenopora hispida Nordgaard, Bryozoa from the Arctic regions, Tromso Museums Aarschef- 
ter, vol. 40 (1917), no. 1, p. 21. 
Variations. —This species appears to us as poorly defined. Generally authors 
have classed under this name all specimens in which the fascicles do not reach 
the zoarial margin, which is therefore garnished with tubes in.quincunx. But 
the ovicells on these various specimens are not exactly similar. The fossils have 
lost their visor, which renders their determination still more difficult and less 
certain. 
All the fossil species of Lichenopora resemble each other, and our determination 
is perhaps not good because in addition only the two figured specimens have been 
found and we have been unable to make any useful sections. 
The ovicell does not bear cancelli in Fleming’s species; and we have not observed 
the oeciostome. 
Occurrence. —Pleistocene: Santa Barbara, California (rare). 
Geological distribution. —Aquitanian of France (Canu); Helvetian of Italy 
(Seguenza), of France (Canu collection), Tortonian of Austria Hungary (Reuss); 
Zanclean of Italy (Seguenza); Plaisancian of England (Busk), of Italy (Manzoni); 
Astian of Italy (Seguenza); Sicilian of Italy (Seguenza, Neviani); Quaternary of 
Italy (Seguenza, Neviani). 
Habitat. —Arctic Ocean: Greenland, Scandinavia (20-420 meters), White Sea, 
Finmark. Eastern Atlantic: North Sea, England, English Channel (240-300 
meters), Gulf of Gascony. Western Atlantic: Canada. Mediterranean: At Cette 
(15-90 meters), Corse (40-60 meters), Marseilles, Naples, Oran (75 meters). Pacific: 
Australia, New Zealand, Queen Charlotte Islands. 
In the great depths of the Arctic regions (420 meters) the temperature observed, 
according to Nordgaard, has been + 5° C. 
Plesiotype. —Cat. No. 68752, U.S.N.M. 
LICHENOPORA RADIATA Savigny-Audouin, 1826. 
Plate 44, fig. 10. 
1826. Melobesia radiata Audouin, Explication sommaires de planches de polypes de Savigny 
Description de l’Egypte, vol. 1, p. 235, pi. 6, fig. 3. 
1889. Lichenopora radiata Jelly, A synonymic catalogue of marine Byrozoa, p. 137 (general bibliog¬ 
raphy). 
