NORTH AMERICAN LATER TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BRYOZOA. 205 
1905. Lichenopora radiata Neviani, Briozoi fossili di Carrubare (Calabria), Bollettino della Society 
geologica italiana, vol. 23, p. 554. 
1910. Lichenopora radiata Waters, Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red sea, The 
Bryozoa, Journal Linnean Society, London, vol. 31, p. 237 (complementary bibliography). 
1910. Lichenopora radiata Robertson, Cyclostomatous Bryozoa of the west coast of North America, 
University of California Publications, Zoology, vol. 6, p. 262, pi. 24, figs. 46, 47. 
1912. Lichenopora radiata Barroso, Bryozoos de la estachm biologica marftima de Santander, 
Trabajos del Museo de ciencias naturales, no. 5, p. 60. 
1915. Lichenopora radiata Barroso, Contribucion al conocimiento de los Briozoos marinos de Espafia, 
Boletfn de la real sociedad espanola de Historia natural, vol. 15, p. 419. 
Our specimens agree exactly with the typical form of this widespread recent 
species. According to Waters, there are nine tentacles. 
Occurrence. —Pleistocene: Santa Monica (Rustic Canyon), California (rareT- 
Geological distribution. —Miocene of Australia and New Zealand (Waters), 
Zanclean of Italy (Seguenza); Astian of Italy (Neviani); Sicilian of Italy (Neviani, 
Seguenza), of Rhodes (Pergens); Quaternary of Italy (Neviani, Waters, Seguenza). 
Habitat. —Atlantic: British Channel, Gulf of Gascony (135 meters), Madeira. 
Mediterranean: Corse, Naples, Adriatic (32-89 meters), Majorca. Pacific: Aus¬ 
tralia, Japan, and California. 
Plesiotype. —Cat. No. 68753, U.S.N.M. 
LICHENOPORA VERRUCARIA Fabricius, 1780. 
Plate 44, figs. 8, 9. 
1899. Lichenopora verrucaria Jelly, A synonymic catalogue of marine Bryozoa, p. 138 (bibliography). 
1900. Lichenopora verrucaria Robertson, Bryozoa. Harriman Alaskan Expedition, Proceedings 
Washington Academy Sciences, vol. 2, p. 329. 
1900. Lichenopora verrucaria Nordgaard, Polyzoa, Norske Nordhavs Expedition, Zoology, no. 27 
vol. 27, p. 20. 
1901. Lichenopora verrucaria Whiteaves, Catalogue of the marine Invertebrata, Canadian Geo¬ 
logical Survey, p. 113. 
1905. Lichenopora verrucaria Nordgaard, Hydrographical and biological investigations in Nor- ■ 
wegian fiords, Bergen Museum, p. 173. 
1906. Lichenopora verrucaria Nordgaard, Bryozoa from the Second Fram Expedition, The Society 
of Arts and Sciences of Kristiania, no. 8, p. 37. 
1910. Lichenopora verrucaria Robertson, Cyclostomatous Bryozoa of the west coast of North Amer¬ 
ica, University of California Publications, Zoology, vol. 6, p. 263, pi. 25, fig. 50. 
1912. Lichenopora verrucaria Osburn, Bryozoa of the Woods Hole region, Bulletin Bureau of Fish¬ 
eries, vol. 30, p. 219, pi. 18, fig. 13. 
1912. Lichenopora verrucaria Nordgaard, Due d’Orleans, Campagne arctique de 1907, p. 25. 
1912. Lichenopora verrucaria Gtjerin-Ganivet, Contributions a l’4tude des Bryozoaires des cotes 
armoricaines, III, Bryozoaires de la region de Concarneau et de l’Archipel de Glenan, 
Travaux scientifiques du laboratoire de Zoologie de Concarneau, vol. 4, p. 22. 
1918. Lichenopora verrucaria Nordgaard, Bryozoa from the Arctic region, Tromso Museums Aars- 
chefter, vol. 40, (1917), p. 21. 
Variations. —The oeciostome of our ovicelled specimen was well preserved in 
form, very large, salient, and auricular. Unfortunately it was broken in cleaning 
the specimen. It was larger than the oeciostomes figured by Smitt and by Miss 
Robertson, and it corresponded more to Osburn’s figure. 
This is a polar species, as it does not pass beyond the fortieth parallel in the 
Atlantic and the thirtieth parallel in the Pacific. This is the first time that it has 
been found fossil. 
