142 
EIGHTH REPORT. 
purple, as in horse flesh. Abnormal coloration may be due to mel¬ 
anosis, a black pigmentation, white flesh due to anaemia and anasarca, 
yellow flesh due to certain foods or the absorption of bile, a dark purple 
color due to acute fever, rinder pest, or tuberculosis, this color may also 
be due to insufficient bleeding after death, and a gi*een or violet color 
due to decomposition. 
The principal diseases which should be watched for by the inspector 
are: 
In cattle—Pleuro-pneumonia, foot and mouth disease, anthrax, 
typhus contagiosus, actinomycosis, tuberculosis and Texas fever. In 
addition sheep should be inspected for variola ovina, erysipelas, 
phthisis, fluke disease and gid. 
Hogs must be carefully watched for anthrax, hog cholera, measles 
and trichiniasis. 
It may not be out of place to mention briefly the symptoms of some 
of these diseases. Epidemic pleuro-pneumonia is an acute communica¬ 
ble disease affecting the lungs of cattle and is due to a specific organism. 
The incubation period is from one to two months, the first symptoms 
is cough, followed by fever and horripilation, the breathing meanwhile 
becomes labored and the expired air is very fetid, the pulse is rapid 
and prostration marked, finally the animal dies from exhaustion. Post¬ 
mortem, the lungs are gangrenous and full of abscesses, the pleura is 
inflamed and adherent, the alimentary tract may also be affected. 
Foot and mouth disease is very rare in this country. It is evidenced 
by a vesicular eruption on the mucus membrane of the mouth and an 
elevation of temperature, the animal stands with its head down apd a 
profuse discharge of saliva issuing from its mouth. The disease is 
highly contagious. 
Anthrax is found in cattle, sheep and pigs. It is due to a specific 
infection with the anthrax bacillus. The incubation period is from one 
to four days. The disease occurs in one of three forms, the acute, sub¬ 
acute and exanthematous. In the acute form the animal may appar¬ 
ently be perfectly healthy, fall in a convulsion and die. The subacute 
form is evidenced by anorexia, inhibition of the secretions, fever and 
tremor. The pulse is rapid and the breathing labored, diarrhoea and 
exhaustion follow. In the exanthematous form we have pustules and 
rashes occurring. Post-mortem, the lungs are congested and the spleen, 
pericardium and serous membranes are covered with ecchymoses. The 
spleen, kidneys and liver are congested,' enlarged and friable. The 
specific organism may be obtained in pure culture from these organs 
or from the blood. 
Typhus •contagioswm is an epidemic communicable disease favored by 
crowding and uncleanliness. From the onset the animal is listless, dull 
and stupid, intense thirst with loss of appetite and rumination occurs,, 
the secretions are arrested and in some cases the animal becomes un¬ 
controllable. The tongue and the buccal mucosa are inflamed and 
livid streaks appear which rapidly ulcerate. Later on in the disease 
the subcutaneous areolar tissue becomes emphysematous and the animal 
dies from toxaemia. 
Actinomycosis is due to an infection by the ray fungus; this condi¬ 
tion is also known as lump jaw or wooden tongue. The organism is. 
