45 
“ Median area very broad, the transverse lines being about twice as 
widely separated one from another as usual, they run parallel, while in 
other forms they approach or (in ab. pyywaea) join a little before the 
inner margin.”—(Strand.) 
6. Ab. u-ebbi, mibi, n.ab. (Barr. Lep. Britt., viii., p. 194. pi. 949, 
fig. la, sine, now .)—Whitish, with the markings practically obliterated 
excepting on the costa and median nervure. This interesting 
aberration is in Mr. Sydney Webb’s collection, and, to judge from Mr. 
Barrett’s figure, it bears a most remarkable analogy to the French 
form of F.pirrita autumnata, Blch., which I have named var. yueneata 
{ — autumnata, Gn.), and, to a less extent, to E. dilntata var. christyi, 
mihi. 
7. Ab. suffusa, mihi, n.ab. (Barr. Ioc. cit., pi. 349, fig. le, sine 
now.). —“ Suffused with smoky clouding, through which the markings 
show in darker colour.”—(Barrett.)* 
8. Ab. bradyi, mihi, n.ab. (Barr. Ioc. cit., pi. 349, fig. lb, sine 
now.). —Uniform dark smoke colour on both pairs of wings, with no 
traces of markings excepting a very narrowly blackened central area. 
I have great pleasure in dedicating this very interesting example of 
extreme British melanism to my kind friend Mr. L. S. Brady, of 
Sheffield, to whom I owe not only my two specimens of it but also the 
assistance already acknowledged which has enabled me to prepare this 
paper. 
AID TO THE STUDY OF LEPIDOPTEROUS LEAF-MINERS. 
(Read April 19th, 1904, by Alfred SICH, F.E.S.) 
The aim of the following notes is to provide the student of the 
British Lep dopterous Leaf-miners firstly with a short sketch of the 
various groups and genera whose larvae mine leaves and secondly with, 
a set of references to those works where further or more detailed 
information may be obtained. 
Leaf-miners are so called from their peculiar manner of feeding. 
An external feeding larva, such as Sphinx lignstn, will entirely consume 
a leaf, cuticles, parenchyma and all. The leaf-miner has a more delicate 
appetite and only consumes the parenchyma, that is the inner, usually 
green, portion of the leaf, the two skins of the leaf, the upper and 
* 7 a. Ab. lofthousei, mihi, n.ab.—Foiewings suffused with smoky, leaving 
practically nothing of the white ground colour excepting in the outer area, which 
is more i r less rayed along the veins therewith, hindwings normal. This is not 
much less extreme than the type figure of ab. suffusa, but is only yet recorded from 
North Yorkshire (vide Naturalist, 1904, p. 377). 1 have much pleasure in naming 
in af er my friend T. Ashton Lofthouse, who has been chiefly instrumental in 
bringing it to our notice.—L. B. Prout, Dec., 1904. 
