84 
Mr. Clark’s Appendix to a Treatise 
other than the male of CEstrus Tarandi, since it is found only where the tein- 
deer frequent, although I am aware one writer asserts its having been seen in 
Germany. Under considerable doubts about this species, I gave in PI. I. 
fig. 28 . a figure of a fly I apprehended might be the one alluded to; but not 
to create any confusion, I called it, leaving it for further inquiry, CEstrus Sti¬ 
mulator. I now know it to be the identical insect in question, as well-ascer¬ 
tained specimens of this fly, obtained from Sweden, were found in the collec¬ 
tion of J. G. Children, Esq., when his cabinet came to the hammer two years 
ago. I purchased them all, seven in number, and these on examination proved 
to be every one males, at least without any exserted ovipositor, which is com¬ 
mon to all the females of the genus. I next examined two fine specimens con¬ 
tained in my own cabinet, both of which proved also to be males, at least with¬ 
out the ovipositor; and afterwards two others in the cabinet ot my worthy 
friend Mr. W. E. Shuckard, Librarian to the Royal Society, which also proved 
to be males, or in the same circumstances as to the ovipositor; and these facts 
led me almost to the necessity of concluding that they were the males of CE. 
Tarandi. The body, it is true, is particularly short and robust in this insect, 
whilst in CE. Tarandi it is as remarkably long and taper ; but this differ¬ 
ence of structure admits of a ready explanation from the very diffeient offices 
of the two flies, the female having to penetrate through the long, dense, matted 
coat of the reindeer’s back, which must demand some force and addiess. and 
such a structure of the abdomen. Linnaeus, who was himself an eye-witness 
of this operation in his Lapland tour, tells us that the animal stands quite still 
to receive the infliction, which is also very remarkable. 
the Laplanders. But this name has obviously nothing to do with the real nasalis. Indeed it is pretty 
plain to me that that excellent man under this name first described the Trompe, as the above synonym 
would distinctly indicate ; and in his full description he remarks on the globular figure of the antennas, 
which strongly serves to confirm it. Afterwards, it would appear, he met with the real nasalis, that 
is (E. veterinus of my enumeration, and he then added to the description, “ Segmentum primum pilis 
albis,” which is decisive of his then having in view this insect, viz. my veterinus, or the nasalis according 
to his ‘ Systema,’ suspecting, perhaps, that his previous CE. Trompe was not a distinct species from 
OS. Tarandi. It is pretty clear to me that he also derived the notion of this fly entering the nose of the 
animal from the ignorant Laplanders, and applied this remark first to the CE. Trompe, which he was then 
evidently describing, and afterwards to the CE. veterinus. I need hardly remark here, that CE. nasalis, 
i. e. veterinus, is certainly a hot of the horse, and lives in the stomach of that animal in its larva state, 
and is supposed (see my dissertation) to deposit its ova on the chest or breast of the horse. 
