48 
area, but as it was cited by He la Harpe in 1853 and 1855 (while still 
a MS. name so far as I can find) as synonymous with that author’s 
perfuscaria ( = ab. immanata, Haw.), it may perhaps be assumed that 
it was hlack. 
Ab. nimpliciata, Walk., erected as a new species, locality unknown, 
is a not very rare form, with the central band black in the main, but 
containing white blotches centrally, the larger, naturally, being costal, 
the smaller inner marginal. I have a specimen from Forres agreeing 
very exactly in the forewings with Walker’s type, but the name might 
cover all the forms in which the black band has broken white marks 
centrally, whatever their exact shape. I strongly suspect Strand’s 
“ truncata ab. tysfjordensis ” is a close relative of this ; how little he is 
able to differentiate citrata=immanata , is shown by the fact that in the 
same paper (Nyt. May., xxxix., p. G2) he treats it as “ var. immanata," 
and records two specimens only among the various Norwegian examples 
with which he deals. Ab. tysfjordensis (from Tys-Fjord, G8° 10' N. 
Lat.) is described thus:—The central band, which in its exterior and 
anterior part is deep black, has a light grey, oval spot on the costa, 
and a similar, but smaller one, on the inner margin. Forms in which 
the entire centre of the median area are pale grey have been known 
from the time of Haworth, whose var. y and var. 5 of immanata were 
“ fasciis insolidis, seu centro cinerascentibus;” such forms may be 
described as ab. insolida, mihi, n. ab., and may be typified by Barrett’s 
figures, Lep. Brit., viii., pi. 357, fig. 1 y, pi. 358, fig. lc. 
Ab. thinyvallata, Stgr., like the parallel aberration of Entephria 
caesiata with which I dealt last year (ab. prospicuata, mihi), occurs 
chiefly in Iceland, though occasional examples, practically as extreme, 
have been found elsewhere. It was first made known, like most of the 
other Icelandic forms, through Staudinger’s entomological expedition 
thither in 1856, and is first diagnosed in the “ Stettiner Entomolo- 
gische Zeitung ” for 1857, p. 252, as “ C id aria truncata var. c. Al. 
ant. albidis, basi fasciaque media aterrimis g 7 .” Guenee next year 
inserts a note just as his vol. x. is going through the press (p. 468) 
that all the Iceland forms belong to what the English want to make 
into a separate species as immanata, but that the caterpillars, which 
Staudinger also collected, do not seem to him to differ from those of 
truncata. Again, a year or so later (Ann. Sue. Linn. Lyon, 1859, 
p. 431, pi. v., fig. 12), Milliere describes and figures the form as 
“ Cidaria russata var. G,” together with two other forms (var. E, 
referred to below, and F = ab. immanata, Haw.), which were likewise 
bred from Staudinger’s larva?. It was first named in Staudinger’s 
1871 Catalog, being here correctly referred to immanata ( — citrata), 
and having the diagnosis slightly modified by the substitution of “atra 
vel fusca ” for the original “aterrimis,” i.e., made slightly more com¬ 
prehensive. According to Alpheraky (Rom. Mem., ix., p. 342), Ilerz 
took a specimen of this form in Kamtchatka, while Leach (Ann. May. 
Nat. Hist., ser. 6, xix., p. G69) records one virtually belonging to it 
(which I have seen) from Nemoro, in the east of l'esso. Barrett (Lep. 
Brit., viii., p. 273) mentions it as being found in south Yorkshire 
(though he does not allude to the name), and one of his figures (pi. 
358, fig. Id) closely approaches it, without having the outer area 
sufficiently devoid of markings to be quite typical; this is the sub- 
xviii. 
