B5 
shows well in contrast to the greenish yellow tint of the young leaves 
to which they are attached. The ovum is, as we should expect, of the flat 
type, but it has evidently, from its fairly regular shape and slight sculp¬ 
turing, made some advance on the primitive form of the lepidopterous 
ovum. When laid on a flat surface it is convex in shape, ovoid in out¬ 
line, one end not being perceptibly narrower than the other. The egg 
is large, I think, for the size of the moth, the longer axis being about 
0 - 4mm. in length, the shorter 025mm.; the height of the egg is 
about O'lmm. The sculpture, which is sometimes difficult to see, 
consists of raised lines running irregularly over the surface, occasion¬ 
ally forming hexagonal cells. In some ova I have noticed a slight 
prominence at one end ; this may be the micropyle. Though I have 
not actually seen the micropyle, I think there can be no doubt about 
the egg being of the flat type, as I have stated. The shell is delicate, 
and has a rather smooth appearance when new, but becomes loosely 
wrinkled before the larva hatches out. The colour is silvery grey 
with a bluish tinge, the egg appearing milky to the eye, but under a 
lens sufficiently transparent to admit of the veinlets of the leaf being 
clearly traced beneath the shell. 
A certain time before hatching the egg loses its milkiness, and the 
shell, becoming transparent, displays the young larva coiled up in the 
interior. The head, which is very large, occupies almost the anterior 
half of the egg. The body, following the contour of the egg, is bent 
round, the posterior abdominal segments resting on (that is, above) 
the left lobe of the larval head. The jaws and muscles of the head 
are very conspicuous, owing to their dark amber colour. The dorsal 
vessel is plainly seen, occupying the centre of the dorsal area from the 
second thoracic to the fifth abdominal segment, the larva lying dorsum 
uppermost in the egg. The larva at this period is practically colour¬ 
less, but at first sight it appears green, on account of the colour of the 
leaf on which the egg rests showing through the transparent body of 
the little caterpillar. 
Larva.— On examining a larva taken from the egg just before 
hatching, the first things to strike the observer are the size and great 
prominence of the amber-coloured jaws and the strength of the muscles 
which control their movements. These portions of the head remain, 
indeed, the most conspicuous parts of the larva throughout the three 
mining or feeding stages. The head is wide and very flat ; in profile 
wedge-shaped, not unlike the head of a Nepticulid larva ; posterior 
portion embedded in the prothorax. The clypeus is wide, lobes rather 
narrow, not meeting above. Antennae large, apparently three-jointed, 
terminating in two points, of which the outer is the larger. Just 
below the antennae two small hemispheres are visible. These are, 
doubtless, ocelli. The bi-lobed labrum is large, and closely covered 
with short bristles, and thrust forward in front of the head in a marked 
manner. Below the labrum are the very large mandibles, each one 
consisting of a strong, curved outer tooth, attached to an inner ser¬ 
rated blade. When at rest the blades of the mandibles slightly over¬ 
lap. Below the mandibles the labium is situated. It is also furnished 
with bristles, and is more clearly bilobed than the labrum. To the 
bases of the mandibles are attached very strong tendons, two branches 
to each mandible, the inner running beside the oesophagus and the 
outer passing under the lobes of the head into the prothorax, where 
