30 
result of breeding by careful selection. But when we place by their 
side specimens of radiata from the Lincolnshire coast, which if not 
from wild larvae were only bred in once, I think we may well dispel 
from our minds the idea that the Yorkshire bred radiata must 
necessarily be of foreign origin. 
There is little doubt that true radiata is now rarely, if ever, taken 
in Yorkshire in the wild state, as none of the records I have seen are 
of recent years. By the extreme kindness of Mr. Herbert Massey, of 
Manchester, who has entrusted me with one of his cabinet drawers, I 
am enabled to exhibit to-night, a remarkably fine series of S. 
lubricipeda all bred from wild larvae collected from the neighbourhood 
of York, over a series of years, comprising forms both of eboraci and 
fasciata; but no true radiata, which that gentleman is convinced does 
not occur round York. This drawer also contains a long series of S. 
lubricipeda from the Manchester district, which show no marked 
tendency towards either eboraci or fasciata, in fact they are as near our 
London form as can be. There is one specimen among the series that 
deserves special notice, and that is a male with the coloration of the 
female, very suggestive of a case of hermaphroditism. 
Some of the eboraci here exhibited from the Yorkshire wild larvae, 
are very strongly marked, and it would take very little more darken¬ 
ing to make them radiata; but taking them as a whole, they are 
certainly different, and deserve their varietal name. There is one 
point of difference which appears striking, and that is, that the under¬ 
wings are not so dark as some of the Lincolnshire intermediate forms, 
more particularly in the females. There is another unusual specimen 
among the Yorkshire fasciata, the ground colour being much darker 
than the type. 
In speaking of eboraci as the York form of lubricipeda, it must not 
be understood that this represents the usual form taken there ; for I 
learn from Mr. W. Hewett, of York, that certainly not more than o% 
of the larvae taken round York produce eboraci; and not more than 1% 
would produce. fasciata, and this fact is fully borne out by Mr. Jackson, 
of York, who has had many thousand larvae through his hands. This 
shows that reallv fine eboraci or fasciata are very difficult to get from 
wild larvae. 
It was by the kindness of the Rev. Of. H. Raynor, that I have had 
the opportunity of breeding the insect from the Lincolnshire coast. 
The first batch of larvae which I had were wild ones, and as from that 
locality they are exceedingly liable to ichneumons, I only succeeded in 
rearing one, which produced an almost typical specimen. After that 
Mr. Raynor was again so good as to send me larvae from two different 
pairings, one lot from strongly marked parents, and the other, a small 
lot, from a pairing of radiata. Both batches produced specimens of 
very wide variation, but the best Lincolnshire radiata that I bred was 
from radiata parents. 1 succeeded in pairing them once again, but 
only from the first mentioned strain, namely, that of the strongly 
marked parents, and this time it was a most haphazard pairing, without 
any careful selection, the male in particular being almost typical, and 
the female with nothing more than indications of radiata. But the 
result was very satisfactory, for although 1 bred a very large majority 
of the type, there were some very striking variations among them. 
With these, as with Mr. Harrison’s strain of radiata they produced 
