45 
cinctaria, Schiff. The original specimen of citrata was bred by Bolander, 
and probably never passed into Linne’s possession. It is almost to be 
hoped that Schneider’s action will be followed, although he has himself 
reverted to the Staudingerian nomenclature in his recent writings ; for 
it seems hardly possible permanently to save so modern a name as 
Haworth’s immanata (1809) for this superabundant northern species. 
The rufescens of Strom (1783) or the strigularia of Fabricius (1794), 
referred by Wallengren and Werneburg respectively to truncata, may 
perhaps prove, on closer study, to be immanata-, variata, Thnb. (1784), 
may also be so, but is homonymous with [Thera) variata , Schiff. 
To work out the named varieties of these protean species would 
require a complete paper ; I will therefore not attempt to touch the 
subject this evening. 
The egg of C. immanata is fairly large, and of normal (Larentid) 
proportions. It is slightly truncate at one end, rounded at the other ; 
and has a depression, but not very deep, on the upper side. The hexa¬ 
gonal reticulation is just discernible with the aid of the microscope, but 
there is no actual pitting; the surface is a little more polished than in 
Lygris. When first laid, the colour is very pale yellow,but it changesafter 
about 12 days to a dull orange, in which condition it remains throughout 
the winter, though after a while it presents rather a nondescript appear¬ 
ance, having purplish reflectionsin certain lights, and (? after development 
has proceeded further) some actual purple mottlings. The development 
seems to be completed about February, when the eggs become first more 
purplish and then darker and greyer ; but the shells become hard and 
tough, and the fully-formed larvae perish within them. I extracted a 
good number last month, but managed to mutilate nearly all of them 
in the process. I am only able to say of the larva in this its earliest 
stage, that it is of medium proportions or inclining to be rather slender, 
apparently pretty uniformly cylindrical, and is of a bright orange colour, 
perhaps slightly darker dorsally, but practically unicolorous; head 
orange, not black as in C. fulvata ; mouth parts reddish ; tubercles 
very inconspicuous, seta? medium length (for this group). I fancy the 
anal spikes were just discoverable, but they cannot have been so well 
developed as in newly-hatched Therarariata. Neither egg nor larva could 
be referred to Lygris as I understand that genus; but at the same time, 
it is quite conceivable that the distance is not very wide. 
Cidaria fulvata, Forst.—I bred this pretty little species from the 
egg in 1900, the ova being obtained at Torquay on July 20th, 1899. 
They are Lough and opaque, hardly polished, elongate, shallow ( i.e ., 
height a good deal less than breadth), truncated at micropylar end, 
and slightly flattened at the other, and with a rather deep depression 
on the upper side. Micropylar depression very conspicuous, but I was 
unable to make out any detail. Surface finely granulated, as in the 
ova of Lygris , to which there is a good deal of resemblance also in 
shape, although this egg is somewhat longer in proportion, and 
decidedly more shallow. When first laid the eggs are white, though 
not a pure white; after two days they commence changing to flesh 
colour, a little later (date not noticed) changing again to lavender, of 
which colour they remain during hibernation. Practically no change 
is visible before the hatching of the larva, nor does the empty egg¬ 
shell lose its colour. My larvae made their appearance in the middle 
of April, and were full-fed at the end of May. When first hatched 
