11 
by forcing, and gave some interesting dates of the emergences, and 
suggested that there were two periods at which the emergences of the 
same brood take place. The dates given were February 19th, 21st, 
27th, and then April 28th, 29th. 
Cyaniris argiolus.— Mr. Pickett showed specimens of Cyaniris 
argidlus taken on May 5th in Epping Forest. 
Papilio machaon aberration, etc.— Mr. Kaye, a fine ab. of Papilio 
machaon, in which the marginal band of the hind wings was much 
extended and which joined the much enlarged discoidal spot. He also 
exhibited some young lame of Drepana lacertinaria. 
Aglia tau, etc. —Mr. Bacot, larvae of Aglia tan in their first skin. 
Mr. Riches, larvae of Amathes ditrapezium and A. tnangulum from 
Hampstead Heath. Mr. Nicholson, gall-flies from a swollen blackberry 
stem. 
Conversazione report.— Mr. Bell read the report of the conversa¬ 
zione held on April 24th. Mr. May proposed and Mr. Bacot seconded 
a vote of thanks to Mr. Bell, and all those who cooperated with him, 
for their energy in carrying out the work in connection with the 
conversazione. 
Hoxton Field Club.— Mr Bell read a letter from the Secretary 
of the Hoxton Field Club asking if any help could be given. 
Paper.— Mr. Ideasler read a paper received from Mr. Jarvis on “ The 
land shells of Jamaica.” The paper was well illustrated with specimens, 
and maps of the localities where the shells were collected were 
exhibited. Mr. Clark proposed and Mr. Kaye seconded a vote of 
thanks to Mr. Jarvis for writing, and also to Mr. Ideasler for reading, 
this paper. The vote was put and carried unanimously. 
Discussion concerning pup.®.— Mr. Nicholson, rising to open the 
discussion, referred to the matter of digging for pupse. He said that 
in his experience this method of obtaining insects was not sufficiently 
profitable. Mr. Clark said he had done a great deal of pupa-digging 
at willow, poplar, &c., and had met with varying success. A row of 
lime trees had been found to be a good situation. Forest trees rarely 
paid for the trouble. Mr. Bell, contrary to general experience, had dug 
a large number of pupie on one occasion in the New Forest. Mr. Dadd 
said that his experience was that a large number of empty pupae were 
to be found. Mr. Nicholson then called attention to the remarkable 
habit of Nyssia hispid aria in going down such a long way into the earth 
to pupate. He had himself dug pupae of this species at a depth of 2ft. 
Mr. May suggested that this species required exertion to get a sufficient 
circulation. Mr. May said also that when breeding he thought it safer 
to leave pupie alone in the earth. Dr. Chapman asked if A. liispidaria 
went to such a depth for the benefit of development. Mr. Prout 
remarked that the alleged great depth had been challenged. He said 
that this species liked hard ground and went down till it found such. 
Mr. Cox said that many larvie can be induced to pupate at certain trees 
if the ground be loosened a little on the surface ; in his experience any 
side of the tree paid equally well. Trees and hedgerows he had found 
productive. Mr. Pickett noted the unusual position in which he had 
found pupie of Lasiocampa querciis, viz., on bramble. Mr. Bacot 
referred to larvae which protect their pupae with cocoons. He said 
these larvie appear to endeavour to save a little silk by spinning up in 
a corner or next to another cocoon. Mr. Kaye gave as his experience 
