THE KILIMA-NJARO EXPEDITION. 
CHAPTER I. 
INTRODUCTORY. 
Kilima-njaro 1 is the name currently given to a huge 
mountain-mass in Eastern Africa, consisting of two 
giant peaks and many lesser ones, situated below the 
third parallel south of the Equator, and at a distance, 
in a straight line, of about 175 miles from the coast. 
The highest of the two principal summits—Kibo— 
reaches an elevation 18,880 feet above the sea, and 
the lesser peak—Kimawenzi—attains to 16,250 feet. 
Both ascend above the snow-line, no other point in the 
same clump of mountains doing so, and both are the 
craters of extinct volcanoes. The entire mass of 
Kilima-njaro seems to be due to volcanic upheaval, 
and it was doubtless at one time, and that geologically 
recent, the great vent of the volcanic forces of Eastern 
Equatorial Africa, which are still active in regions 
further to the north or west in the district lying 
between the Victoria Kyanza and the Indian Ocean. 
Kilima-njaro, ever since its existence was posi¬ 
tively known to modern geographers, has been claimed 
1 From Tdlima , mountain, and njaro, the name of a demon supposed 
to cause cold. This name is only known to the people of the coast, 
and is unrecognized in the interior. 
B 
