THE KILIMANJARO EXREEITION. 
96 
kingdom. From one of these was born Mandara, or 
as he appears first to have been called, Makindara. 
The explanation of his name, like that of his state, is 
not so clear in meaning as are most specimens of 
African nomenclature. His own subjects pronounce 
it “ Mandara” (Mangdara), and the other inhabitants 
of the mountain “ Makindara.” I have sometimes 
fancied it might be a contraction and corruption of 
Mange-ndara ~ Mandara, viz. the Chief Ndara. 
Mandara’s mother seems to have been a very shrewd 
and clever woman, and under her long regency the 
state of Mosi flourished. Apparently in those happy 
days peace prevailed among all the sections of the 
Caga people inhabiting Kilima-njaro. Or at least 
there were no internecine wars, and the only conflicts 
were occasional skirmishes with the Masai, whenever 
those rovers tried to extend their cattle-raids to the 
mountain pastures. But then came the cursed slave- 
traders—the Swahili Arabs, or Arabized Mohammedan 
half-breeds—from the Zanzibar coast. Finding the 
united inhabitants of Caga 1 too strong to submit to 
forcible slave-raiding or kidnapping, they tried to effect 
their purpose by introducing discord into the local 
politics. Selecting some particular chief—especially 
a young, ambitious man like Mandara, when he com¬ 
menced to reign—they gave him rich presents, and 
filled him with flattering speeches, and persuaded him 
that if he took advantage of the unprepared state of 
some of his neighbours, and suddenly marched an army 
into their territory, he might not only reign as para¬ 
mount chief over Caga, but would also make a nice 
v 
1 At the risk of reiteration I might remind my readers that Caga is 
the native name of the entire inhabited districts on the slopes of 
Kilima-njaro. 
