458 
THE KILIMA-NJAEO EXPEDITION . 
feminine sense is to be given. Thus, na-ido “ sister,” 
a term of address to women ( oido , “ brother,” masc.; 
eido, “the brotherhood,” common; na-dahgile , “ dear 
one, darling”—a term applied to women; na-do , 
“long,” fern, (enanga 7iado, “ the long cloth”); na- 
gai, “ good, well,” adv. from -gai, “ good ” ( En-gai , 
fern., “ God, rain,” lit. “ the good ”); na-jon , “ green,” 
fern., &c. 
Examples of the above prefixes applied to the same 
root:— 
-Jon y “fresh, green.” 
Masculine. Common. Feminine. 
Ol-domyo ojon , El-ata ejon, Em-benek najon , 
“the green mountain.” “ fresh oil.” “the green leaf.” 
There would appear at times traces as of all these 
particles—o, na , and e —forming or having formed 
themselves into pronouns for the classes they represent, 
especially in juxtaposition with the verb. At the 
present moment this only appears in participial adjec¬ 
tives formed from verbs, and not in the tenses, where 
only the common prefix, e, is represented. Whether 
anciently all three forms were used as pronouns—he, 
she, and it—or whether such a development is ap¬ 
proaching, I cannot say. At present, he, she, it, they, 
are represented by a common verbal pronoun or par¬ 
ticle —e or ei. Thus we say— 
01-dunani 
En-daiigile 
El-eduwa 
El-dana 
) 
5 
e-mud (-mud = the root of the verb). 
The man 
The woman 
The bitterness 
The people 
.he i 
( she > disappears. 
C it J 
y they disappear. 
Also ele, the demonstrative pronoun, is generally 
