1918.] The N.Z. Journal of Science and Technology. 
35 
Garnet , Common.—Used as an abrasive, and in the manufacture of garnet- 
paper. 
Gas , Natural.—Used for heating, lighting, and power purposes. 
Glauconite (see also Greensand).—Used as a soil-dressing. 
Granite. —Solid granite is used as a building-stone, &c. -Crushed granite 
is used in the manufacture of flooring and artificial stone, and in 
exterior plastering. 
Graphite (or Blacklead).—'Used in electrical appliances, in electrotyping, 
as a filler for dry batteries, for stove-polish, paint, manufacture of 
printer’s ink, lead-pencils, lubricants, gunpowder (as a coating to 
grains), for coating foundry moulds, &c., and for crucibles. Has many 
other minor uses. 
Gravel— Used for roadmaking, concrete, &c. 
Green Earth. —Used for paint. 
Greensand. —Used as a soil-dressing (on account of its potash, lime, and 
phosphate contents). Could also be used in paintmaking. See also 
Green Earth. 
Gypsum. —Used in the manufacture of cements, plaster, paper, glass, and 
paint, and as a fertilizer. 
Haematite.- —Chief use is as an iron-ore, but is used also for paint, and as a 
flux for copper-ores, &c. 
Halloysite.- —See Kaolin. 
Ilmenite. —Used in manufacture of ferro - titanium, cupro-titanium, and 
various titanium compounds. See also Titaniferous Ironsand. 
Infusorial Earth. —See Diatomaceous Earth. 
Iron-ochre. —Used in paint-manufacture. 
Iron-ores. —Used in manufacture of iron and steel. For other uses see 
Haematite, Limonite, Iron-ochre, Pyrite. 
Ironsand.- —See Iron-ore, Titaniferous Ironsand. 
Jasper. —Used as an abrasive, in manufacture of concrete artificial stone, 
flooring and roofing (cement shingles), and in plaster-work. 
Kaolin (in sense of White Clay of any kind).-—Used in manufacture of 
pottery (including porcelain), paint, paper, soap, and ultramarine. 
Kauri-gum (or Kauri-resin).—Used for varnishes, &c. 
Lead-ores.- —Used primarily in manufacture of lead, lead-alloys, &c., and 
secondarily in manufacture of white-lead, red-lead, &c. 
Lignite. —Used as fuel, and as source of tar, oil, &c. See also Coal. 
Limestone. —Used as a building-stone ; in making quick and slaked lime ; 
in manufacture of cement, calcium carbide, cyanamide ; as a flux in 
iron, copper, and lead smelting ; and by numerous industries, including 
paper-manufacturers, sugar-refiners, tanners, and chemical and fertilizer 
manufacturers. Crushed limestone or some other form of carbonate 
of lime {e.g., shells) is required for poultry. Finely ground limestone 
is used for making whiting, and by flour-millers for some unspecified 
purpose. Ground limestone is also used (without calcination or “ burn¬ 
ing ”) as a soil-dressing. See also Chalk, Marble. 
Limestone , Argillaceous.—Used for manufacture of hydraulic cement. 
Limestone , Siliceous.—Used in manufacture of mineral wool. 
Limonite.— Used as an iron-ore, for paint, and for metal-polish. 
Lithographic Limestone.- —Used by printers and engravers. 
Manganese-ore. —Used in manufacture of manganese-alloys {e.g., manganese- 
steel), and in manufacture of dry batteries, glass, paints, and certain 
kinds of pottery (brick and tile). Manganese oxides are used as 
oxidizers in some smelting processes, and are also used as soil-fertilizers 
in special cases. Salts of manganese have extensive uses. At one 
time manganese dioxide was indispensable in the manufacture of chlorine. 
