1918.] The N.Z. Journal of Science and Technology. 253 
owe their origin to the fact that fragments of rhyolite were engulfed in the 
more basic lava, and when the explosion occurred these were hurled into the 
atmosphere with a rotary motion, so that the viscous molten material became 
well wrapped around the core of solid rock." The author differs from 
Marshall in determining enstatite instead of hvpersthene in the andesite of 
the bombs from Mount Tarawera. 
A general account is given of the distribution of the volcanoes of the 
North Island, and their relation to structural lines is discussed. This is 
followed by an outline of the geological history, with special reference to 
orogenesis and volcanic activity, and an account of petrographic provinces 
in New Zealand. The passages dealing with orogeny and the history of 
igneous action in New': Zealand are incomplete, and, unfortunately, also to 
some extent misleading. Here fuller use might have been made of the 
published work of New Zealand geologists, the text-books of Park and 
Marshall being, apparently, alone relied on as sources of information. The 
author says, k ‘ The folding [post-Jurassic] raised the mountain-ranges from 
the sea-bottom, and determined the major structures of the islands. There 
have been numerous oscillations since that time, but these have not 
materially altered the main structural features." The later orogeny, which 
would seem to be more important in relation to modern volcanic action 
than the “ post-Jurassic " movements, has been entirely overlooked, if we 
except an original observation on the southern extension of the Thames 
fault-scarp. The later limit of the “ post-Jurassic " orogeny is stated as 
the Miocene instead of the late Cretaceous. Another omission from this 
section is the lack of any reference to the important Cretaceous igneous 
activity in the north-east part of the South Island. 
In the account of petrographic provinces the author had again neces¬ 
sarily to rely on published statements ; but he appears to have overlooked 
much of the important work of Marshall on the distribution of igneous 
rocks in New Zealand, for there is no reference either to Marshall’s paper 
on the subject in the Report of the Australasian Association (1907) or to the 
summary of his views given in his account of New Zealand geology in 
Steinmann’s Hanclhuch der regionalen Geolog ie. 
The author found no evidence of glaciation in the volcanic zone of 
•the North Island. Striations which he found on boulders ejected from 
Ngauruhoe and Tarawera he' ascribed to “ the action of one mass of rock 
falling on another when hurled from the craters." 
Professor Moore is to be congratulated on his pluck in ascending and 
making original observations on Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu in the winter 
season. C. A. C. 
CORRESPONDENCE. 
New and Rare Fish. 
Sir, — Two of the species of fish mentioned as new or rare by Dr. 
Thomson in your first number (January, 1918, pp. 5-7) have long been in 
the Wanganui Museum- viz., Cheilodactglus hizonarius, from Kapiti Island*, 
caught about twenty years ago, and Germo germon, caught about the same 
time near the Waikanae River. Unfortunately, the exact dates of capture 
are unknowm. A. G. Drew. 
