264 
The N.Z. Journal of Science and Technology. [Sept. 
University of Oxford.—Syllabus of the Subjects for Examination. 
I. 
Physical Anthropology. 
( 1 .) 
( 2 .) 
Zoological: The comparative study of the anatomical and other physical, 
characters which determine the zoological position of man, with special 
reference to the group Anthropomorpha. 
Palaeontological: The antiquity of man as ascertained by geological and 
anatomical evidence. 
(3.) Ethnological : The comparative study of the physical characters which dis¬ 
tinguish the principal races of mankind from each other ; the classifica¬ 
tion and geographical distribution of races and sub-races ; the influence 
of environment upon physique ; the elements of anthropometry; the 
physiology of sensation, and the methods of the comparative study of 
the senses. 
II. Cultural Anthropology. 
(1.) Archaeological : The antiquity of man as ascertained by the earliest remains 
of his handiwork; the chief characteristics of the prehistoric periods, 
and the methods employed in determining their sequence and duration ; 
the persistence of early conditions of culture in later times. 
(2.) Ethnological : The comparative study and classification of peoples, based 
upon conditions of material culture, language, and religious and social 
institutions and ideas, as distinguished from physical characters (see I, 3); 
the influence of environment upon culture. 
(3.) Sociological : The comparative study of social phenomena, with special 
reference to the earlier history of— (a) Social organization (including 
marriage customs), government, and law ; ( b ) moral ideas and codes ; 
(c) magical and religious practices and beliefs (including treatment of the 
dead) ; ( d) modes of communicating ideas by signs, articulate language, 
pictographs, and writing. 
(4.) Technological : The comparative study of the origin, development, and geo¬ 
graphical distribution of the principal arts and industries, with their 
appliances. 
There is also a practical examination. 
the genus coprosma as a source of dyes.* 
By B. C. Aston, F.I.C., Chemist to the Department of Agriculture. 
Plate II. 
The family Rubiaceae is one of the largest and best defined in the vegetable 
kingdom, containing upwards of 350 genera, comprising some 4,000 species. 
Members of this family are mainly tropical or subtropical, and furnish pro¬ 
ducts which have become indispensable to mankind. Of these it will be 
sufficient to mention quinine, obtained from some three dozen species of 
cinchona ; ipecacuanha, from Cephaelis Ipecacuanha and other nearly allied 
plants, yielding the well-known emetic drug ; Coffoea arabica, from which 
the coffee of commerce is obtained ; and Rubia tinctorum, furnishing the 
madder-root, one of the oldest dyes, and from which the very important 
* A preliminary note on the subject appeared in this Journal, vol. 1, No. 1, p. 3, 
January, 1918, and some notes have appeared in the Journal of Agriculture for June, 
1918. The investigation was prompted by a resolution passed by the Dominion 
Conference of the Farmers’ Union, 1916. 
