1920.] 
Sp'eight.—Broken River Coal Area. 
95 
presence of soft strata allows of lateral corrasion. It receives on the north 
side two important tributaries :— 
(1.) Sloven s Creek, up which the railway passes when it leaves Broken 
River. The stream has a length of some ten or twelve miles. It rises 
near St. Bernard Saddle, and for the first part of its course flows in a shallow 
swampy bed through glaciated country, and afterwards cuts a somewhat 
deep though open channel, which gets deeper and deeper as it nears Broken 
River, so that it enters the main stream at grade. 
(2.) Winding Creek, which rises in Lake Pearson, and then flows m a 
valley somewhat similar to that of Sloven’s Creek, entering the main 
stream just at the western edge of the area under consideration. The 
I* ^ i 
Fig. 2.— Map of the Broken River coal area. 
upper part flows through the drained floor of a once more widely extended 
Lake Pearson, and exhibits the most beautiful spiral meanders that I have 
over seen. 
Both these streams have a S.E.-N.W. orientation, and their valleys 
were no doubt determined initially by deformation of the strata, either 
of faulting or folding on general S.E.—N.W. lines (Speight, 1916, p. 143). 
On the south side of Broken River the principal tributary is Iron Creek, 
which rises in Mount Torlesse, runs almost due north, and enters Broken 
River through a short, deep, but easily traversable gorge with banks rising 
steeply on either side to nearly 200 ft. Although in the past this stream 
