1920.] 
Speight.—Broken Biver Coal Area. 
103 
live through the terrace. They lie right down on the greywacke, and 
have an east-and-west strike, and a dip to the south at moderate angles. 
They also lie approximately parallel to the greywacke surface, and in all 
probability the long gentle slope which extends from this point up to the 
summit of No Man’s Land can be regarded as a stripped surface analogous 
to those in the neighbourhood of Waihao, in South Canterbury, described 
by Thomson. 
Winding Creek .—On the north side of Broken Biver, above the junction 
with Winding Creek, coal-measures are exposed striking N. 25° E. and 
dipping west at an angle of 30°. They consist of sands, sandy clays, and 
fireclays with coal. They are cut off from the mouth of Winding Creek 
by a bar of greywacke, but the beds bend over this, forming an anticline, 
Fig. 6.—Coal-seam opposite Winding Creek, showing prismatic structure, the effect 
of an igneous intrusion. The igneous rocks show at the bottom of the 
picture. [Photo, R. Speight. 
the westerly wing of which runs across from Broken Biver to Winding 
Creek, and extends across that stream to its eastern side. The circum¬ 
stances on the extreme west of the occurrence suggest a fault contact, the 
line of the fault running up Winding Creek, and no doubt having an 
important influence in determining the formation and development of the 
valley in which the creek now runs. 
Owing to the lack of clear sections in the north-west part of the area 
no absolutely definite conclusion can be arrived at, but the general indi¬ 
cations point to a thinning-out of the coal-seams in that direction, and 
to the unlikeliness of a large area of payable coal being found as a result 
of more complete prospecting. 
Broken Biver and Iron Creek .—Immediately opposite the outlet of 
Winding Creek a seam of coal is exposed in the bed and on the banks of 
the river, the associated beds consisting of sands and sandy shales. These 
