30 The N.Z. Journal of Science and Technology. [Mar. 
case the oil may have been derived from neighbouring younger beds. If 
such be its origin, the chances of its occurrence in commercial quantity 
in the district are small, because the structure of the younger strata is 
synclinal and more favourable for the escape of oil than for its accumu¬ 
lation. The odour of kerosene is reported to occur in crush-zones in 
greywacke near the coast north of the Jed and far from any outcrop of 
the younger beds. This locality was not visited, but the report is easily 
credible, for it is well known that oil is found in all sediments, even in 
such altered and silicified rocks as here occur. Possibly the gas escaping 
in connection with the hot springs at Hanmer, near which no younger 
beds are known to occur, may originate in the greywacke series. At 
Hanmer,* as at Cheviot, the emanation of hydrocarbons was notably, though 
temporarily, increased by the earthquakes of 1888. 
Since glauconite often contains a considerable proportion of potash, a 
sample of greensand was collected from the lower glauconitic beds of Jed 
Stream, and sent to the Dominion Laboratory for analysis. About half 
the sample was apparently glauconitic, the remainder being calcareous 
clay. As is the case with many other “ greensands/ 5 this sample was 
found to be low in potash. An analysis of glauconite from Agulhas Bankf 
is tabulated for comparison (No. 2) :— 
( 1 .) 
(2.) 
Silica (Si0 2 ) .. 
47-20 
46-90 
Titanium dioxide (Ti0 2 ) 
0-89 
Alumina (A1 2 0 3 ) 
20-71 
4-06 
Ferric oxide (Fe 2 0 3 ) 
2-60 
27-09 
Ferrous oxide (FeO) 
4-89 
3-60 
Lime (CaO) 
10-00 
0-20 
Magnesia (MgO) 
2-70 
0-70 
Soda (Na 2 0) . . 
2-90 
1-28 
Potash (K 2 0) 
1-84 
6-16 
Combined water and organic matter 
6-34 
9-25 
100-07 
99-24 
Carbonaceous material representing the vegetation of an old land 
surface occurs between the greywackes and the younger beds on the west 
flank of Mount Maccoinnich. The beds, which were not observed, are 
reported to be thin and inconstant. The samples of coaly material of 
which the analyses are given below 
were probably from this locality. 
(1.) 
(2.) 
Fixed carbon 
.. 51-61 
60-11 
Hydrocarbons 
.. 25-23 
18-06 
Water . . 
.. 4-40 
1-81 
Ash .. 
.. 18-76 
20-02 
100-00 
100-00 
(1.) Col, Mus. & Lab. 17th Ann. Rep., p. 25, 1882. 
(2.) Col. Lab. 29th Ann. Rep., p. 9, 1895. 
* A. McKay, On the Earthquakes of September, 1888, in the Amuri and Marlborough 
Districts of the South Island, Rep. Geol. Explor. during 1838-89, No. 20, p. 2, 1890. 
f J. D. Dana, System of Mineralogy, p. 684, 1904. 
