42 
THE HORSE. 
THE CLEVELAND BAY. 
with the original breeds of the country. But a larger kind of horse has been used as the basis, and a larger standard adopted by 
the breeder. By coupling a Race-Horse with a Draught-mare, an animal will be produced partaking of the properties of both 
parents, and which may be employed as a Coach-Horse. But the results, as was before observed, of such a mixture are uncer¬ 
tain, and the progeny will probably be wanting in just proportion of parts. Many Carriage-Horses are doubtless produced in this 
manner, but many of them, if their history were told, have been found to be worthless. To rear this class of Horses, the same 
principles of breeding should be applied as to the rearing of the Race-Horse himself. A class of mares, as well as of stallions, 
should be used having the properties sought for. It is in this way only that we can form and perpetuate a true breed in which 
the properties of the parents shall be reproduced in their descendants. The district of Cleveland doubtless owed the superiority 
which it continued to maintain in the production of this beautiful race of horses to the possession of a definite breed, formed not 
by accidental mixture but by continued cultivation. 
The demand for these Horses has long been very great in London and all the more opulent towns of the kingdom, and the 
number carried abroad is large. The English purchasers generally require the bay stock; but the foreign dealers do not reject 
what are called the vulgar colours, and therefore carry away many horses which could not be sold in England but at a low price. 
Although the Cleveland Bay appears to unite the blood of the finer with that of the larger horses of the country, in the 
degree sufficient to combine action with strength, yet modern taste has been continually refining upon this form of coach-horse 
by adopting a lighter standard. The Cleveland Bay, having arrived at a certain degree of breeding, can receive, without the 
violence of too extreme a mixture, a still further infusion of the blood of horses nearer to the Race-Horse. Many of them are 
accordingly crossed by Hunters and even Thorough-bred Horses, and thus another variety of coach-horse is produced of lighter 
form and higher breeding; and, in truth, many of our superior curricle and four-in-hand horses are now nearly thorough-bred. 
The bay colour is in the most general estimation for the better class of carriage-horses, yet the grey is not unfrequently pre¬ 
ferred. The grey colour of the Horse, it is to be observed, derived from the earliest times of which we have any records, mani¬ 
fests itself in our various races, from the ponies of our heaths and commons, to the highest bred horses of the course and hunting- 
field. Greys could therefore be produced in any numbers and of every degree of strength and breeding. Although not held in 
equal estimation with the bays, they furnish an agreeable and elegant variety. Cream-coloured horses are rarely used except for 
the purposes of pomp and parade. Those derived from Germany are of a soft temperament, and little adapted for active exercise. 
The true region of the cream-coloured Horse is Asia, where in every age it has been cultivated and esteemed; and it would be 
easy to obtain cream-coloured horses from Asiatic Turkey far surpassing those of Germany. Several regiments of Russian cavalry 
are splendidly mounted on white horses derived from the countries of the Caucasus. 
