THE SHORT-HORNED BREED. 
PLATE XIX. 
BULL, Hecatomb, bred by the Right Hon. Earl Spencer ; by Kirby; dam by Monarch; g. dam 
by St Albany; g. g. dam by Jupiter; g. g. g. dam by Sir Oliver; g. g. g. g. by Trunell; g. g. 
g. g. g. dam by Favourite; g. g. g. g. g. g. dam by Favourite; g. g. g. g. g. g. g. dam by Dalton 
Duke; g. g. g. g. g. g. g. g. dam (Old Favourite) by Mr Alcock’s Bull; g. g. g. g. g. g. g. g. g. 
dam by Jacob Smith’s Bull; g. g. g. g. g. g. g. g. g. g. dam by Jolly’s Bull. 
PLATE XX. 
COW, bred by John Hunt, Esq. Thornington;—by Reformer; dam by Raby, a grandson of Comet; 
g. dam by Sir Oliver, bred by Mr Curry of Brandon. 
While Ireland and the western parts of England have been possessed, for an unknown period, of a race of cattle having long 
horns, and furnished with thick skins and abundant hair, fitted to protect the animals from long continued rains, the eastern and 
drier districts towards the German Ocean have been inhabited by varieties of cattle having thinner skins, shorter hair, and horns 
comparatively short. In the fens of Lincolnshire, and the other tracts of alluvial country towards the Wash, the cattle were of 
great bulk and coarse figure, and had usually a dingy colour of the skin, and short blunt horns. More inland, and following the 
course northward of the Vale of Trent, and thence across the Ouse, through the central plains of Yorkshire, to the river Tees and 
beyond it, the cattle assumed a less gross and unwieldy form, hut were still a very tall race, of varied colours, with horns of me¬ 
dium length, hut which might he termed short with relation to the same parts of the Long-horned breed. In comparing these 
varieties of cattle with the races of the opposite continent, the large dingy breed of the Fens may be compared with the native 
black cattle of the flats and marshes of Holland, and the more varied kinds north of the Humber, with those of Holstein and 
Jutland, whence the finest cattle of the north of Europe have been derived. It is not unreasonable to believe, that the latter, 
during the early period of Saxon colonization, may have been brought to the country by the Jutes and Angles who settled in this 
part of England. But however this may he, no other race of cattle except that which may be termed Short or Middle-horned, 
has ever, within the period of any known records, inhabited the Fens and north-eastern parts of England. 
But at a long subsequent period, near our own times, it appears that cattle were frequently brought from the opposite 
continent, and mingled with the native varieties. They were chiefly imported from Holland, the Cows of which country were the 
most celebrated of all others in the north of Europe for the abundance of their milk and the uses of the dairy. The earliest im¬ 
portations seem to have been made to the country of the Humber, where the port of Hull maintained a constant and extended 
intercourse with Hamburgh and the United Provinces. The Dutch Breed was especially established in the district of Holderness, 
on the north side of the estuary of the Humber, whence it extended northward through the plains of Yorkshire; and the cattle 
of Holderness still retain the distinct traces of their Dutch original, and were long regarded as the finest dairy cows of England. 
Farther to the north, in the fertile district of the Tees, importations likewise took place of the cattle of the opposite countries, 
sometimes from Holland, and sometimes, by the way of Hamburgh, from Holstein, or other countries of the Elbe. Sir William 
St Quintin of Scampston is said to have procured bulls and cows from Holland, for the purpose of breeding, previous to the 
middle of last century; and at a later period, Mr Michael Dobinson, in the county of Durham, visited Holland for the pur¬ 
pose of selecting bulls of the Dutch breed. Other persons had resorted, for their breeding cattle, to Holstein, whence the finest of 
the Dutch breeds have themselves been derived. Of the precise extent of these early importations we are imperfectly informed ; 
but that they exercised a great influence on the native stock, appears from this circumstance, that the breed formed by the mix¬ 
ture became familiarly known as the Dutch or Holstein Breed, under which names it extended northward through Northumber¬ 
land, and became naturalised in the south of Scotland. It was also known as the Teeswater, or simply the Short-Horned, Breed. 
