CULTIVATION AND ANALYSIS OF PLANTS. 
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Jill TJFICIAF SYSTEM OF FTFNYE US. 
The system of Linnaeus (1707-1778), comprised twenty-four classes, distinguished from 
each other by certain external peculiarities, relating to the stamens and pistils, which w eie 
expressed by equivalent Greek compound words, and is theiefoie called aitihcial. Though 
superseded by the natural systems of more recent botanists, it still possesses both interest 
and value, as much of the terminology of Linnaeus has been permanently ingrafted on 
botanical science. Among other things, he was author of the binomial system of naming 
plants by the genus and specific characteristic. This system is as follows. 
TWENTY-FOUR CLASSES. 
PH/ENOGAMOUS 
("APPARENT 
MARRIAGE"): 
WITH STAMENS 
AND PISTILS 
MANIFEST¬ 
FLOWERING 
PLANTS, 
16. 
17 - 
iS. 
T 9 * 
k 
CRYPTOGAMOUS 
PLANTS: STAMENS 
AND PISTILS 
INDISTINCT- 
FLOWERLESS 
PLANTS, 
Monandria, with one stamen. 
Diandria, with two stamens. 
Triandria, with three stamens. 
Tetrandria, with four stamens. 
Pentandria, with five stamens. 
I-Iexandria, with six stamens. 
Heptandria, with seven stamens.[ 
Octandria, with eight stamens. 
Enneandria, with nine stamens. 
Decandria, with ten stamens. 
Dodecandria, eleven to nineteen| 
(literally, twelve) stamens. 
Icosandria, with twenty or more 
stamens, adhering to calyx. 
Polyandria, with twenty or more 
stamens,adhering to receptacle) 
Stamens 
of Equal 
Length. 
Stamens 
Unconnect¬ 
ed with 
EACH OTHER. 
Didvnamia, “ two with power;” | 
two long and two short stay Stamens, 
mens. _ ) Unequal 
Tetradynamia, “ tour with pow-r 
er;” four long and two short! Length. 
stamens. / 
Monadelphia, “ single brotherhood,” that is,\ 
with filaments in one bundle. I 
Diadelphia, “ double brotherhood,” with fila-/ Stamens 
ments in two bundles. . \ t t W1TH 
Polyadelphia, “many brotherhoods,” with/ JOINE ) 
filaments in more than two bundles. I r..™ athuc 
Syngenesia, “ together born,” united by the r 
anthers. 
Gynandria, hermaphrodite. 
Stamens 
Separate 
from the 
Pistil. 
Stamens 
ADHERING TO 
the Pistil. / 
Monoecia, “single-housed,” in the same plant. 
Dioecia, “ double-housed,” in two plants. 
Polygamia, “ polygamous,” in one, or two, or more than two plants. 
C/3 
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T 
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> 
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73 
In Sepa¬ 
rate 
Flowers. 
Cryptogamia, “concealed marriage.” 
414 
