90 
defence of a maker who was sued for pirating the mark, and 
alleged that the thumb of his gauntlet stood differently to the 
plaintiff’s, and the same hand given dexter or sinister in heraldry 
is a sufficient difference. Aubrey says that “ Amesbury is famous 
for the best tobacco-pipes in England, the clay of which they are 
made is excellent, and is brought from Chittern.” The tobacco- 
pipe makers were incorporated in 1619 ; at a later period they 
petitioned in vain to become a livery company of the City of 
London. 
1 to 36. Pipes of the ordinary type, part of the Brodie collection; 
some are marked with various initials, and seven bear the 
open hand or gauntlet. 
A collection of 46 pipes, for the most part discovered during 
the drainage operations, generally of small size. There is a fine 
example of the Amesbury manufacture, consisting of a large bowl, 
inscribed “Amesbury Pipes, 1698,” with an open hand, and the 
initials Gr. B.; also one of enormous size, dug up in a garden at 
Wigan, in 1769. Deposited by Mr. E. T. Stevens. 
Two ivory rappoirs, deposited by Mr. E. T . Stevens , date the end 
of the 17th century: one French, on which is carved a half- 
length figure of a king of France, surmounted by the crown. 
Another, having the figure of a female holding a distaff. 
The grater is wanting in each instance. 
The snuff-takers of the 17th century reduced their tobacco to a 
rough powder by grating, which was then known as tabac en poudre 
or tabac rape (the origin of our name rappee, for a kind of snuff 
long after it has ceased to bear its legitimate sense of grated 
tobacco). Every snuff taker carried his grater or rappoir, and 
when he needed enough to fill his box at once, he rasped a sufficient 
quantity, and tilted the powder to the broad end of the rappoir, 
but if he only needed a pinch it was shaken out at the small end 
upon the back of the hand, and so taken. 
On the wall of the Ante Museum near the entrance is suspended 
a horn, with its original brass mountings and chain, deposited 
by the Town Council of Salisbury. 
This is one of the few relics preserved from the destruction of 
