GAV 
CAV 
CAV 
of this name are M. Porcius Cato, the 
censor, who wrote several books, and. is re¬ 
nowned for his seriousness and strictness ; 
and M. Porcius Cato, the younger, great- 
grandson of the former, who lulled him¬ 
self at Utica, hence called Uticensis ; he, 
also, was a man of grave, strict manners. 
- IT Figur. a man grave, strict, 
steady, and upright. Senec. and Juvenal. 
— Also, a morose, stern man, hard to 
please. Phtedr. — Hence, Catonianus, 
and Catonlnus, a, um, adj. of or per¬ 
taining to Cato. Cic. 
CAToBLEPaS (KarcofiXcnas), a;, m. 
properly, that looks downwards ; the name 
of an Ethiopian species of bull, with the 
head hanging down. Plin. and Mela. 
CATOCHi'PeS (xaroxirris), s, m. or CA- 
T6CHITIS ( Karoxirii ), idis, f. a pre¬ 
cious stone, found in Corsica. Plin. 
CATSMIDIO {tear oipcov), as, a. 1. to 
3 strike on the shoulders. Petron. 
CAToNIUM (sdroj), ii, n. hell, the lower 
3 world.; same as Orcus. Cic. 
CATSPyRITeS ( KaroTTypirris ), ®, m. or 
CATOPyRTTIS ( KaroirvpiTu ), Idis, f. 
a sort of gem. Plin. 
CAToRCHITeS VINUM (ou/oj Karopx'i- 
ryc), wine made from figs. Plin. 
CaTTA, ®, f. perhaps a kind of bird ; 
3 some explain it, a cat. Martial- 
CaTTI, or CHaTTI, orum, m. a people of 
Germany, near the Hercynian forest. 
Tacit, and Plin. — Hence, Cattus, a, 
um, adj. of or pertaining to this people. 
Sueton. 
CATOLA, as, f. a little bitch ; a whelp, pup¬ 
il py. Propert. 
CATOLaSTER (catulus), i, m. a grown 
boy. Vitruv. 
CATCLTNOS (Id.), a, um, adj. belong- 
3 ing to a whelp. Plant. Catulina caro, 
and Plin. Catulina, absol. in the same 
sense. 
CAT0LI5, is, n. 4. to desire themalc, used 
of dogs. Varr. - IT Figur. Labor. 
apud J\Ton. Lupa catuliens.-Hence, 
subst. Catulitio, onis, f. Plin. 
CATuLLIaNOS, a, um, adj. of or from 
3 Catullus. Martial. Basia Catulliana. 
CAT0LLOS, i, m. C. Valerius Catullus, a 
poet of Verona. Ovid. 
CATOLOS (unc.), i, m. a little dog, whelp, 
puppy, kvv'lSiov. Cic. Omnia in perfec- 
tis et maturis esse meliora, ut in equo, 
quam in equulo, in cane, quam in catu- 
lo. Herat, venaticus ex quo Tempore 
cervinam pellem latravit in aula, Mili- 
tat in sHvis catulus, the hound. - 
IT Often, also, the young of other animals. 
Horat. Catuli cervs. Id. le®n®, the 
whelps of a lioness. Plaut. suum. Virg. 
luporum. Plin. tigrium. Id. vulpium. 
Id. simiarum. Id. lacertarum. Id. mus- 
tel®. Pluedr. felis. Plin. delphino- 
rum. Id. Aspis enixa catulos. Id. Ca¬ 
tuli viper®. Id. and Virg. serpentium. 
-IT Also, a kind of chain with which 
slaves were bound. Lucil. apud Non. 
CATOS (unc.), a, um, adj. acute, shrill. 
Varr. — Hence, figur. Varr Cata dic¬ 
ta, h. e. acute dicta.-IT It generally 
signifies, cunning, artful, shrewd, know¬ 
ing, wise, sagacious, wary, vovvexns, 
navovpyo;. It seems to imply rather 
that cunning and shrewdness which is 
derived from nature, than from habit and 
education. Cic. Cluis igitur prudentem, 
et, ut ita dicam, catum, non ex ipsius 
habitu, sed ex aliqua re externa judi- 
cet ? Ilorat. Mercuri, qui feros cultus 
hominum re centum voce formasti catus. 
Plaut. Ita c ita est et callida: habet cor : 
quam dicit, quod opus est! Id. Dare ali- 
cui consilium catum. Ilorat. Catus 
jaculari cervos. Auson. legumque ca- 
tos, fandique potentes. 
CATOS, or CaTTOS (unc.), i, m. a cat, 
aiXovpo;, feles. Pallad. 
CAVAEDIUM (cavus & aides), ii, n. an 
2 open, empty place in the middle of a house. 
Plin. Ep. 
CAVaMEN (cavo), Inis, n. a hollow, cav¬ 
il ern. Solin. 
CAVaTICOS (cavus), a, um, adj. of or 
2 growing in hollow places or caves Plin. 
CAVaTIS (cavo), onis, f. a hollow, koiX6- 
3 r^cavum. Varr. 
CAV aTSR (Id.), oris, m. one who hollows, 
2 qui cavat. Plin. Pici arborum cavato- 
res 
CAVaTuRA fid.), a;, f. a hollow, cavity. 
3 Veget. 
CAUCALIS (navKaXi s), Idis, f. an herb 
lilce fennel, with a white flower; bastard- 
parsley, hedge-parsley. Plin. 
CAUCASCS, and CAUCASUS, i, m. 
mount Caucasus, in Asia, between the 
Euxine and Caspian seas. — Hence, Cau- 
c&seus, and Cauc&slus, a, um, adj. Cau¬ 
casian, relating to mount Caucasus. 
Virg. Caucasius vertex. Plin. Cauca¬ 
sia: portas (also called Iberia: and Alba- 
nice) , a narrow pass between mount Cauca¬ 
sus and the Caspian sea. — Caucasii, 
orum, m. the inhabitants of this mountain. 
Pompon.. Mela. — Caucasigena, te, m. 
& f. one born on or near this mountain. 
Sidon. 
CAUCON (kclvkov), i, n. the herb called 
horse-tail. Plin. 
CAUCI, CAUCHI, or CHAUCI, orum, 
m. a people of Lower Germany. Plin.; 
also, Cayci, in Claud. 
CAUDA (unc.), as, f. the tail of a beast, 
bird, or fish, kc(jkos, ovpd . Cic. and Ho¬ 
rat. -IT Pers. Caudam jactare popel- 
lo, to shake the tail like a dog, h. e. to 
court, or fawn upon ; or like a peacock, 
to display the tail, h. e. to court by exter¬ 
nal show. -IT Horat. Caudam trahere, 
to have a tail stuck on behind in mockery; 
to be stupid or silly. -IT Cic. Cauda 
ilia Verris, h. e. the last part of the word 
Verres. -IT Horat. also uses it in a 
bad sense. 
CAUDECS, a, um, adj. wooden, if from 
3 caudex; or, according to some, of rushes, 
so as to resemble a horse’s tail; from 
cauda. Plaut. cistella. 
CAUDeX (unc.), Icis, m. the stem, stock, 
or trunk of a tree, oreXexoc, Koppby, arv- 
7rof. Plin. Arbores qumdam simplices, 
quibus a radice caudex unus. — Hence. 
Plaut. Caudicalis provincia, the office of 
wood-cutting. - IT Also, what is made 
thereof; hence, anciently, a raft; then 
a boat or vessel for carrying provisions 
along the Tiber. Senec. — Hence, Cau- 
diceus lembus, h. e. ex caudice factus. 
Anson. — Also, Caudicari® (cod) naves, 
made of rough trunks of trees ; or, ac¬ 
cording to Fest. , ex tabulis crassioribus. 
Sallust. — So, Caudicarii (cod), pi. m. 
men who managed such vessels, especially 
for carrying com. Pandect. -IT Al¬ 
so, a stupid fellow, dolt, blockhead. Te- 
renl. -IT Codex, for caudex. See Co¬ 
dex. 
CAUDIUM, ii, n. a city of the Hirpini. 
Liv. — Hence, Caudlnus, a, um, adj. 
of or pertaining to the same. Liv. furcu- 
I®, a narrow pass between Avcllino and 
Bcnevcnto, where the Romans were shut 
up by the Samnites ; in consequence of 
which they were forced to pass under 
the yoke, and to make a disgraceful 
peace. — Caudini, orum, the inhabitants 
of Caudium. Plin. 
CAVEA (cavus), ;e, f. a hollow, hollow 
2 place, cavity, KolXwpa. Plin. - 
IT Oftener, a cave, or den, for wild beasts; 
a cage, or coop, for birds; also, a bce-liive. 
Horat., Cic. and Virg. - IT Also, a 
fence, trcillage, or hedge, to defend young 
trees from cattle. Colum. - IT Very 
often, the place where the spectators sit at 
the theatres; the scats or benches of the 
spectators. Cic. Clui clamores tota 
cavea nuper in M. Pacuvii nova fa- 
bula ; cum, &c.— The cavea was three¬ 
fold ; in the lowest part sat the equites 
and senators ; in the uppermost part, 
the lowest of the people ; in the mid¬ 
dle, the more respectable class. — 
Hence, Senec. verba ad summam caveam 
spectantia, h. e. suited to the taste of the 
vulgar. -IT In later writers, cavea is 
also applied to the amphitheatres. Tcr- 
tull. and Apvl. -IT Also, the theatre 
itself. Cic. Jam ludi publici, quoniam 
sunt cavea, circoque divisi, h. e. the the¬ 
atre or place for dramatic exhibitions, and 
circus. Plaut. Q,uod verbum in cavea 
' dixit histrio.-IT Also, in general, any 
place of public exhibition; or, also, the 
spectators. Virg. Cavea; consessum 
implet. 
CAVEaTOS (cavea), a, um, adj. formed 
2 like the cavea of a theatre. Plin. 
CAVEFACI5 (caveo & facio), is, a. 3. to 
avoid, beware of. Venant. 
12 8 
CAVES (unc.), es, cavi, cautum, n. and 
sometimes a. 2. to beware or take heed of 
be aware, be on one's guard, avoid, evXa- 
(Icopai, fugito, declino, evito. Nepos 
Animum attendere ad cavendum. Cic 
Cavere aliquem. Id. interventum alii 
cujus. Id. omnia. Cws. vallum cas 
cum fossasque. Ovid, frigora. Plaut 
Cautum oportuit. Cic. Cetera, qu® 
provided poterunt, cavebuntur. — With 
prep, a, or ab. Cic. a servitio, to guard 
against. Id. ab homine impuro. Sal¬ 
lust. ab insidiis. So, Plaut. malo (ho. 
mine), for a malo. — With cam. Plaut. 
Cum malo stulte cavi. Id. Mihi tecum 
cavendum est, h. e. a te. — With infin, 
Sallust, petere a populo. Virg. capro 
occursare. — With subj. ;md ne. Cic. 
ne cui suspicionem darem. Horat. Cal 
ve, ne minuas. So, Cws. Ne quid eis 
noceretur, a Cassare cavetur. — And 
frequently without ne; especially in sec¬ 
ond pers. imperat. Cic. Cave ignoscas- 
Id. Cave existimes. Id. Cave putes 
Tcrent. Cave audiam. Plaut. Cave di. 
rumpatis, for cavete. -IT Also, to take 
care, take heed, provide, see ,, look to it 
that nothing evil or unfortunate happen 
to any one, to secure or place in safety ly 
care and heedfulness. With the dat. 
Case, ad Cic. Caves tibi, you provide for 
your own security. Cic. Caverat adul¬ 
ter sibi. Sueton. securitati. Cic. ve- 
teranis. — Also, with ut. Cic. ut ea 
moderata sint. Colum. ut sulcos aqua- 
lios faciamus. Plaut. Cauto opus est, 
ut, &c. care must be taken. — And with 
ne. Horat. ne populus laboret.-If In 
this latter sense, frequently, in laws, 
Cic. Lex sepulcris cavet, provides for. 
— Of jurists, when they give their cli¬ 
ents the necessary forms and precau¬ 
tions. Cic. ad Trcbat. JClum. Tu qui 
ceteris cavere didicisti. Id. Non qute- 
rimus, quemadmodum caveamus in 
jure. -- IT Also, to give security by 
pledge, bond, or the like. Cces. Obsidibus 
de pecunia cavent. Cic. Prmdibus et 
prmdiis populo cautum est. Sueton. In 
duplum cavere, to give double security. 
Plin. Cavere capite pro re aliqua. — 
Also, with acc. to give security for. 
Pandect. Sempronio caverunt summam. 
Id. chirographum. — Also, ab aliquo, to 
demand or obtain security from. Cic. - 
IT Also, to order, dispose, enjoin, decree, 
establish. Cic. Testamento cavere, ut, 
&c. Id. Cautum est legibus, ne, &c. 
Tacit. De adulterio satis cavcri lege 
Julia. Pandect. Cavere principalibus 
constitutionibus.-IT Also, to keep off, 
ward off. Cato, scabiem pecori. - 
IT Cave sis, or cavesis, for cave si vis, is a 
stronger expression for cave. Plaut. and 
Tcrent. -IT The final syllable of cate 
is, according to analogy, long; but it 
is sometimes shortened. 
CAVERNA (cavus), ®, f. a hollow place, 
cavity; a cave, cavern, Kpvrrriq, KOtXoipa. 
Cic. See Spelunca. -IT Also, a hole. 
Plin. vasis fictilis. — Also, for podex. 
Plin. -IT Lucret. Cavern® creli, for 
concava, convexa, the vault of heaven. 
So, Manil. Aeris caverna.-IT Cic. 
Cavern® navis, the interior of the ship, 
with its apartments. 
CAVeRNaTIM (caverna), adv. through 
3 cavities. Sidon. 
CAVERNS (Id.), as, a. 1. to hollow, make 
3 hollow. Cal. Aurel. 
CAVeRNoSHS (Id.), a, um, full of cavi- 
2 ties, hollow. Plin. 
CAVeRNOLA (Id.), m, f. diniin. a little 
2 cavity or hole. Plin. 
CAVILLA, ®, f. a cavil, scoff, taunt, jeer; 
a joke orjest, obdiapa. Plaut. 
CAVILLaBuNDuS (cavillor), a, um, adj. 
apt to cavil. Tcrtull. 
CAVILLaTIS (Id.), onis, f. a cavilling 
or jangling; a sophism, quirk, quibble, 
abdnapa. Quintil. Omissis cavillatio- 
nilius, h. e. inutilibus qumstionibus. Id. 
Verborum cavillatio, h. e. carping at, 
cavilling criticism of. -IT Cic. Orat. 2. 
54. facetiousness or humor, in speech. 
-IT Also, a sharp saying, cutting re¬ 
mark, raillery, taunt, sarcasm; either in 
jest or earnest. Plaut., Liv. and Sue- 
ton. 
CAVILLaTOR (Id.), oris, m. a caviller 
1 jeerer, captious person, aojticrni. Senec, 
