PER 
PER 
PES 
watching, or sitting up all night, iravvv- 
X'is- Cic. 
PIRVIGILIA (pervigil), eb , f. a keeping 
3 awake the night through. Justin. 
Pervigilium (id.)) ii, n. a watching, 
remaining awake or sitting up all night 
long, 7r avuvxis, wavvvxto-pos. Plin?— 
In particular, a religious vigil through 
the night, or a certain religious service,°in 
■which they kept awake through the night, 
a night-festival. Liv. Castra pervigilio 
neglecta. Sueton. Pervigilio anniver- 
sariocoluit-U Pervigilium Veneris, 
a poem, ascribed by some to Catullus. 
PeRVIGILS (per & vigilo), as, avi, atum, 
n. 1. to watch through, watch all night 
long, remain awake, iravvvxigu.). Cic. 
Non orat, ut earn noctein pervigilet ? 
Liv. Pervigilare in armis. Virg. Seros 
, ad ignes pervigilat. Tibull. fit tecum 
longos pervigilare dies. Plant. Per¬ 
vigilare Veneri, to keep a festival all 
night in honor of Venus. (See Pervigili¬ 
um.) — Hence, Ovid. Nox pervigilata in 
mero, watched through, spent without 
sleep. 
PeRViLIS (per & vilis), e, adj. very 
2 cheap, very low, very insignificant. Liv. 
annona. Paul. Hoi. nuinmus. 
PeR Vi NO A. See Vinca Pervinca. 3 
PERVINC5 (per & vinco), is, lei, ictum, 
a. and n. 3. Transitively, to conquer 
quite, overcome by perseverance and exer¬ 
tion,^get the better of, £ki/ikoloj. Pro- 
pert. Mores domime, the self-will. - 
IT Hence, figur. to conquer, overcome. 
Thus, to outdo, exceed, surpass. Herat. 
Gute voces evaluere pervincere so- 
num ? Plant. Ne nos perfidia pervin- 
camur. — To bring , induce, prevail upon, 
■with effort. Liv. Multis rationibus per- 
vicerat Rhodios, ut retinerent, &c. 
Tacit. Illam non verbera pervicere, 
quin objecta denegaret, could not stop 
her from denying. And,.without acc. 
of person, > to bring it about, accomplish 
it, carry it through, with effort. Liv. 
Pervicerunt remis, ut tenerent terrain. 
. Id. Neque, ut de agris referrent Coss. 
&c. pervincere potuit. Id. Ipsa virtus 
pervicerit, ne inlionorata esset. Also, 
Tacit. Ne utraque pervinceret, alterum 
concedere, h. e. obtineret_H Also, 
to show, prove, demonstrate. Lucret. ali- 
quid dictis. - IT Intransitively, to 
conquer, get the victory. Tacit. Multum 
certato, pervicit Bardanes. — Hence, 
figur. to conquer, carry the day, carry 
through or maintain one’s opinion. Cic. 
^ Restitit, ac pervicit Cato. 
PeRVIReNS (per & vireo), tis, particip. 
3 ever green. Paul. Hoi. 
p ffiVIRIDIS (per & viridis), e, adj . very 
green. Plin. 
PeRVISS (per & viso), is, a. 3. to look 
3 upon, behold or behold the whole of. Ma- 
nii._ magnum ctelum. 
PeRVIV 5 (per & vivo), is, xi, n. 3. to 
3 live unto a certain time, survive until. 
Plant, ad suinmam astatem. Acc. ap. 
Hon. usque adhuc. 
PERvros (per & via), a, um, adj. that 
may be passed through or over, passable, 
affording a passage, pervious, <5ia/3a~os, 
tviropos. Liv. Saltus cava valle pervi- 
us. Tacit, amnis, A. e. vadosus, abound- 
mg in fords. Plin. Phasis pontibus 
exx pervius. Cic. Pervias transitiones, 
h. e. passages. Terent. Hides fient per- 
v i®, h. e. will be thrown open. — With 
the dat. Lucan. Phcebo non pervia 
taxus, A. c. impervious to the rays of the 
sun, which does not transmit, &'c. Val. 
Place. Moles non pervia ponto, h. e. im¬ 
pervious. Sencc. Nuliis vulneribus per¬ 
via membra, A. e. invulnerable. Ovid. 
Runa pervia flatibus, affording apassage. 
Piet. ap. Ocll. Annulus pervius, A.°e. 
cavus, non solidus. — Hence, Pervium, 
passage. Tacit. Ne pervium exerciti- 
bus foret. — Figur. Plaut. Cor mihi 
nunc pervium est, A. e. (as it seems) 
free, clear, as being relieved from un¬ 
certainty and doubt. Tacit. Nihil in 
penatibus suis ambitioni pervium.- 
" Also, to which the entrance is free, not ob¬ 
structed. Calp. sacraria.-IT Actively, 
Pbdkt ™£ a Passage, penetrating. Sil. ensis. 
ERu La (dimin. from pera), eb , f. a little 
scrip or wallet. Senec. — Hence, in 
sport, of a pregnant woman. Apul. 
PERuNCTIS (perungo), onis, f. an an- 
ointing. Plin. 
PER0NG5 (per & ungo), is, nxi, nctum, 
a. 3. to anoint all over or to anoint large¬ 
ly, besmear, bedaub. Cic. corpora oleo. 
Ovid, ora tota immunda manu, bedaub, 
dirty. Herat. Nardo perunctus. Id. 
Ftecibus ora peruncti, A. e. habentes ora 
fiecibus peruncta. 
PeRVOLaTICOS (pervolo), a, um, adj. 
o flying about, unsteady, flighty, volatile. 
Tertull. 
PeRVoLGS, same as Pervulgo. 
PeRVOLITaNTIa (pervolito), eb , f. afly- 
2 ing about, circumvolution. Vitruv. Mun- 
di circa terram pervolitantia. (AI. leg. 
pervolitantis.) 
PeRVOLITB (frequentat. from pervolo), 
3 as, n. 1. to fly through, fly or flit about 
somewhere. Virg. Omnia pervolitat 
loca. Val. Flacc. tecta.. Lucret. Per dis- 
septa domorum saxea voces pervolitant. 
Vitruv. iter, to run through. 
PeRVOLS (per & volo), as, avi, atum, n. 
1. to fly through, fly about, somewhere, 
Siaire-Topai. Virg. Magnas eedes per- 
volat hirundo. Ovid. Corvus aerium 
pervolat iter. Id. Rumor agitatis per- 
volat alis. — Hence, of any rapid mo 
tion, as running, riding, &c. Lucret. 
Ut lestus pervolet intactus. Cic. sex 
millia passuum cisiis, to fly over, pass 
over rapidly. Juvenal, totam urbem, 
run through, post through, range through, 
run about the whole city. - II Also” to 
fly, or fly to a place. Cic. Animus in 
hanc sedem pervolabit. Lucret. Quo 
pervolet ipse (animus); others read 
pervolit (from pervolo, velle) ire. Apul. 
Dehinc carpento pervolavi. 
PeRV 5E5 (per & volo), velle, irreg. to be 
much inclined, be very glad, desire greatly, 
wish earnestly. Cic. Pervelim scire, I 
should be very glad to know. Id. Abs te 
mihi ignosci pervelim. Liv. Ilia ne- 
gavit unquam vidisse, et pervelle id 
videre. — Separately. Cic. Te quam. 
primum per videre velim, for videre 
pervelim. 
PeRVoLVS (per & volvo), is, olvi, ol- 
utum, a. 3. to roll over and over, tumble 
about, SiaKvbioStoi. Terent. Te ibidem 
pervolvam in luto. — Pass. Pervolvi, 
to be rolled about, to wallow, welter. 
Apul. In suo sibi pervoluta sanguine. 
Figur. Pervolvi, to be very conversant, 
busied much. Cic. Ut in iis locis per- 
volvatur animus. — Of books, Pervol- 
vere, to read or read diligently. Catull. 
Smyrnam ( a book). This may have 
reference to the circumstance of the 
Roman books being rolled up, or may 
mean to turn over and over, and so read 
much and often. 
PeRYQLuTS (frequentat. from pervol- 
vo), as, a. 1. to read carefully, read over. 
Cic. moos libros. Id. Omnium bona- 
rum artium scriptores ac doctores et ie- 
gendi, et pervolutandi. We may sup¬ 
pose a reference to the books being 
rolled up; but this is perhaps un¬ 
necessary. 
PeRVoLuTOS, a, um, particip. from per- 
volvo. 
PERVORSE, ) Same as Perverse, 
PERVORTO, &c. ) Perverto, &c. 
PERuRB aNe (perurbanus), adv. very hap- 
3 pily, very facetiously. Sidon. 
PERuRBaNOS (per &. urbanus), a, um, 
adj. very polite, witty, pleasant, or face¬ 
tious ; also, over fine, over polite. Cic. 
PERuRGEQ (per & urgeo), es, si, a. 2. 
■2 to urge or press greatly. Sueton. Sufn- 
ma vi Germanicum ad capessendam 
rempublicatn perurgebant. — Perurgere 
aliquid, to apply greatly to, take great 
pains with. Sever, in JEtna. sacra, sc. 
the investigation of. -IT Also, to 
press hard, bear hard upon, put to great 
inconvenience, harass. Ammian. inno- 
centes maligna insectatione. Spartian. 
Cum videret se perurgeri sub hora 
mortis. 
PER0R5 (per & uro), is, ussi, ustum, a. 
3. to bum through and through, consume by 
burning, bum, Siaxaito. Plin. vas. Liv. 
agrum, lay waste with fire. So, Perus- 
tus, a, um, burnt up, burnt. Ovid, os¬ 
sa. Propert. Lybico sole perusta co¬ 
ma, scorched. S|o, Senec. Perusti popu- 
Ii, $uu-burnt. -If Also, to bum, in¬ 
flame, heat. Plin. Ep. Ardentissima 
febre peruri. — In particular, of love 
arid other passions. Ovid. Valido per- 
urimur aestu, sc. amoris. Martial Uni- 
ones cor meum perurunt, sc. with the 
• desire of having them. Senec. Pectus 
perustuin curis. Cic. Perustus inani 
gloria, burning with a thirst for ram- 
glory. — Also, to heat , inflame, enrage, 
set all on fire, irritate. Catull. and Se- 
ncc. — Also, to inflame, gall, rub sore. 
Ovid. Colla perusta (bourn), sore, galled, 
fretted. Horat. Perustus Jatus (as to 
his side) funibus, et crura compede. — 
Also, of cold, to burn, parch, sear. Ov¬ 
id. Terra perusta gel u. Cuto. Substra- 
mentis operito, ne peruratur. 
PERuSIX, Ee, I. a town of Etruria, wove 
Perugia. Plin. — Hence, Peruslnus, 
a, um, adj. of or pertaining to Perusiu, 
Perusian. Liv. collors. Propert. fune- 
ra (referring to the siege of Perusia by 
Augustus, who finally forced its de¬ 
fenders to surrender through extreme 
hunger). — Peruslni, the Pcrusinus. 
Liv. — Perusinum, sc. rus, a country- 
seat at or near Pemsia. Plin. Ep. 
PERuSTOS, a, um, particip. from per¬ 
il ro. 
PEROTILIS (per & utilis), e, adj. very 
useful, very profitable, wayxpyuTOi. Cic 
PeRVuLGaTe (pervulgatus), tulv. after 
3 the common way, as the vulgar do. Gelt. 
PeR\uLGaTOS, a, um, particip. from 
pervulgo.-IT Adj. common to several, 
very usual, very common. Cic. consola- 
tio. Auct. ad Ilerenn. Pervulgatissinia 
verborum dignitas. Ocll. Quod vide- 
tur pervulgatius esse.-IT Also, very 
well known. Cic. Res in vulgus pervul- 
gata. Id. Cupiditas sua apud omnes 
pervulgata. 
PeRVuLGS (per & vulgo), as, avi, atum, 
a. 1. to communicate or impart to every 
body without distinction, make common. 
Cic. Praimia virtutis in mediocribus 
hominibus pervulgari. Id. Operam su- 
am pervulgare et communicare, h. e. 
vulgo passim offerre. — Hence, to ‘make 
publicly known, to publish, sjiread abroad. 
Cic. tabulas. Id. Hirtium, to publish 
his book. Cats, edictum. Cic. Res abs 
te ipso pervulgata, made known, made 
public. -IT Also, to wander through, 
run through; traverse or to frequent, 
haunt. Pacuv. ap. Varr. Litus pervol- 
gans furor, h. c. pererrans. Lucret. 
Quie pervolgant nemora avia pervolH 
tantes. Id. Solis pervolgant lumina 
caelum.-IT Also written pervulgo. 
- -li See Pervulgatus, a, um. 
PeS (irovs, noSos), pedis, m. the foot. Cic. 
Si pes condoluit. Id. Calcei apti 
ad pedem. Ovid. Ictus pedis, a kick. 
Id. Certamine pedum vincere, in the 
race. Liv. Descendere, or degredi ad 
pedes, to dismount; of cavalry. Cres. 
Ad pedes desilire, to spring from the 
horse. Liv. Deducere equitem ( for equi- 
tes) ad pedes, make them dismount. Id. 
Pugna it ad pedes. Virg. and Senec. 
Pedem ferre, to go or come. Cic. inferre, 
to enter. Id. Ponere in fundo, set 
foot in. Id. Ponere in possessionem 
libertatis, to enter into, step into. Id. 
Efferre porta, li. c. to go out, step out. 
Liv. referre ; or, Virg. revocare, h. e. 
to go back. Cic. and Liv. conferre (see 
Confero). Cic. Ingredi iter pedilms, on 
foot. So, Sueton. Pedibus incedere. 
But Cic. Iter Hispaniense pedibus fere 
confici soleat, by land. So, Propert. 
Seu pedibus Parthos sequimur, seu 
classe Britannos. Still different is, Cic. 
red. Sen. 4. Pedibus ire, sc. in senten- 
tiam, to vote, which was done by pass¬ 
ing to one side of the house. Terent. 
Manibus pedibusque, with hands an/l 
feet, with might and main. Liv. Pedibus 
lnerere, to serve as a foot-soldier, serve in 
the infantry. Terent. Conjicere se in 
pedes, take to one’s feet, take to one’s 
heels, run. So, Plaut. Mene vis dem 
ipse in pedes? And omitting the verb. 
Terent. Ubi vidi, ego mein pedes, sc. 
conjeci. Martial. Verna ad pedes, a 
waiter. So, Senec. Serves, qui coenariti 
ad pedes steterat, had waited upon. And, 
Cic. Servus a pedibus, a slave employed 
to wait upon his master. Liv. Urbes sub 
pedibus tuis relinquemus I under your 
